Identification and control of edamame bean rust

Edamame beans, fresh soybeans with pods, are also called soybeans after drying. There are six kinds of grains: very large: 100-grain weight more than 30g; extra-large: 100-grain weight 24.1-30g; large: 100-grain weight 18.1-24g; medium: 100-grain weight 12.1-18g; small: 100-grain weight 6.1-12g; very small: 100-grain weight less than 6g. Edamame beans, also known as vegetable soybeans, are vegetable soybeans specializing in fresh and tender pods in soybean crops. Edamame beans are fresh soybeans with pods. Edamame bean is an annual crop, the stem is thick and hairy, its pods are flat, and there are fine hairs on the pods, so people call them edamame beans. When fresh, the pods are bright green and green.

Basic characteristics of edamame bean

Soybeans, commonly known as soybeans and soybeans, are the seeds of butterfly soybeans, annual herbaceous crops, 30cm high, stems stout, square rhombus-shaped; pods rectangular, flat, 5-6cm long, drooping, densely yellow slender hirsute on pods; seeds 2-4, fresh flat oval, 0.8-1.5 cm long, light green, dry yellow, yellowish green or purple-black. Spring edamame bean is vegetable soybean, also known as edamame bean, green edamame bean, white edamame bean, refers to the green pod soybean harvested between the full grain stage and the early ripening stage, the pods are light green and green and lovely. When the edamame beans are ripe, they are the soybeans we are familiar with.

The biological classification of leguminous plants is as follows: plant kingdom, seed plant phylum, dicotyledonous class, Rosacea, with a wide range of species, about 690 genera and more than 17600 species. Soybeans and soybeans are soybeans and belong to the genus Soybean in Leguminosae, belonging to eukaryotic domain, angiosperm phylum and dicotyledonous plants.

Identification and control of edamame bean rust

Symptom characteristics of edamame bean rust:

The main damage to leaves. The small rust spots with dense needles in the injured leaves were buried in the immature summer spore pile under the host epidermis. With the development of the summer spore pile, the epidermis ruptured and scattered rusty powdery matter (summer spore mass). Black dots appeared in the leaves in the later stage, which was the winter spore pile of the pathogen, but it was only occasionally seen in the south of Guangdong, and the edamame bean in and around Guangzhou generally produced only summer spore pile.

The pathogen and characteristics of edamame bean rust:

The pathogen is bean layer rust [PhakopsorapachyrhiziSyd.), which belongs to basidiomycetes. The pathogen mainly used summer spores as the initial invasion and re-invasion inoculum, and completed the annual cycle of the disease by means of wind and rain transmission. It is easy to develop in warm, rainy and humid weather or low-lying and humid planting environment. There is no comprehensive investigation on the difference of disease resistance among varieties. Whether some varieties with strong disease resistance (see the list of edamame bean downy mildew) are also resistant to rust remains to be further investigated.

Control methods of edamame bean rust:

(1) attention should be paid to the search and selection of disease-resistant and high-yielding varieties.

(2) reasonable close planting, good management of fertilizer and water, avoiding overgrowth of plants and too wet soil can reduce the disease.

(3) early spraying to prevent and control the disease. Can be combined with anti-downy mildew, when the plant is close to the closure period, while spraying metalaxyl and other anti-downy mildew agents, add 2000 times solution of 25% triadimefon wet powder or 1000-1500 times solution of 20% triadimefon sulfur suspension. For the fields dominated by the disease, 40% polysulfide suspension 600 times, or ultra-fine sulfur suspension or 29% stone sulfur mixture 200-300 times 1-2 times; after seeing the disease, you can spray the above-mentioned vermicellin wet powder or triadimefon sulfur suspension (same concentration as above) 1 or 2 times.