Cultivation and Management measures of Taro in Summer

Taro, also known as taro, taro, the underground bulb of Araceae plants, the shape and meat quality vary from variety to variety, usually eaten as small taro. Perennial tuber often cultivated as an annual crop. The leaf is shield-shaped, the petiole is long and hypertrophic, green or purplish red; the base of the plant forms a short shrinking stem and gradually accumulates nutrients to form a fleshy bulb, called "taro" or "mother taro", spherical, ovoid, oval or massive, and so on. The mother taro has a brain bud in each node, but the axillary buds in the middle and lower nodes are the strongest, and the first tiller occurs to form a small corm called "son taro". Under suitable conditions, great-grandson or great-grandson taro can be formed.

Basic information of taro

Taro, a perennial tuber, is often cultivated as an annual crop. The leaf is shield-shaped, the petiole is long and hypertrophic, green or purplish red; the base of the plant forms a short shrinking stem and gradually accumulates nutrients to form a fleshy bulb, called "taro" or "mother taro", spherical, ovoid, oval or massive, and so on. The mother taro has a brain bud in each node, but the axillary buds in the middle and lower nodes are the strongest, and the first tiller occurs to form a small corm called "son taro". Under suitable conditions, great-grandson or great-grandson taro can be formed. Sex likes high temperature and humidity, is not tolerant to drought, is more tolerant to shade, and has the characteristics of aquatic plants, which can be cultivated in paddy field or dry land. The absorptive capacity of root system is weak, sufficient water is required in the whole growing period, and the clayey soil with rich, deep and strong water retention is suitable for wide adaptability to soil. the seed taro begins to germinate at 13: 15 ℃, the optimum temperature for growth is more than 20 ℃, the corm is formed under the condition of short day, and the optimum temperature for development is 27: 30 ℃. In case of low temperature and drought, the growth is poor, which seriously affects the yield.

Cultivation and Management measures of Taro in Summer

1. Soil preparation by grabbing stubble

Apply sufficient basic fertilizer after the previous potato or wheat harvest, to grab stubble soil preparation, apply 10,000 jin of soil miscellaneous fertilizer and ditch application of 100 jin of phosphate fertilizer, 30 to 50 jin of potash fertilizer. In order to promote the early development of seedlings, it is necessary to apply an additional 20 kg of 30 jin of ammonium sulfate as seed fertilizer.

Second, strive for early planting and reasonable close planting

As the saying goes, "there is no early summer planting, the sooner the better." According to the experiment, if summer taro is planted 10 days earlier, it can mature 15 days earlier, the yield per mu can be increased by 400 to 600 jin, and the seed taro is full, the starch content is increased, and the quality is good. The planting period should not be later than the end of June. If it is too late, it can not mature normally due to the influence of low temperature in the later stage, which reduces both yield and quality. In order to buy time, it is best to spray water on the hotbed about 15 days before planting and keep the temperature at about 30 ℃. When the bud grows about half an inch, choose the strong and disease-free bud as the taro, and cut off the tail to facilitate the root. If the buds are not ready, you can put them in a cool place to prevent the buds from growing too long and causing damage when planting. In order to achieve the goal of early planting and high yield, interplanting in wheat field can also be carried out.

When planting, it is necessary to plant deep and shallow cover, and the masses are called "Tibetan taro". Generally, the depth of the trench is 5 to 6 inches, and immediately after planting, the soil is covered with 1 inch of soil after all the water is infiltrated. If it rains after planting, loosen the soil in time, but prevent taro buds from being damaged. The growth period of summer taro head is shorter, and the plant is smaller, so we should pay attention to reasonable close planting. Generally, we should increase 500,000 plants per mu than that of taro planted in spring, with a plant spacing of 0.8 feet, a row spacing of 1.5 feet and a row spacing of about 4000 plants per mu. If the soil is fertile and the fertilizer and water are sufficient, the row spacing can be appropriately increased, the density is smaller, and vice versa. However, the number of trees per mu should not exceed 4500.

Do a good job in field management

Taro requires soil with good permeability. Therefore, it is necessary to loosen the soil in the field management, so that the shallow hoe does not hurt the bud before the rain is unearthed, the deep hoe does not hurt the root after the rain, and the hoe again after the rain when the soil moisture is suitable. After "the Beginning of Autumn", the "taro" began to divide in large numbers, and the new "taro" sent out new leaves and became the "second bud". After "White Dew", the "two buds" basically came out, and the main stem began to turn yellow. At this time, it is necessary to take advantage of the soil moisture to cultivate the soil, bury all the "Eryazi" into the scholars, and apply 15 to 20 jin of compound fertilizer per mu of soil. If the soil is cultivated too early, the main stem is thick green, and the "Eryazi" can be unearthed again, affecting the expansion of taro, resulting in a reduction in yield; if the soil is cultivated too late, the "taro" will grow into a "green taro" with high water content and poor quality. therefore, it is necessary to flexibly grasp the time of soil cultivation according to time, place and growth.

IV. Timely collection

The harvest time of summer taro should be appropriately late, and under the premise of ensuring that it will not suffer frost damage, it is best to postpone until after "Frosts Descent". If the harvest is too early, the "taro" is not full, the water content is high, and the yield is low; too late harvest is vulnerable to freezing injury and is not resistant to storage. Sunny and warm weather should be chosen during harvest, preferably in the morning, drying on the spot, and storage in the afternoon.