Symptoms and control of bracken blight

Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum), also known as fist vegetables, cat claws, leading vegetables, like to be born in Xiangyang land in shallow mountains, most of China have, more distributed in sparse coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests; its edible part is undeveloped young leaf buds, the treated bracken tastes fragrant and smooth, and then mixed with seasonings, cool and refreshing, it is a rare excellent wine and vegetables, and it can be fried, processed into dried vegetables, stuffed, pickled and canned, etc. It is widely distributed in Chinese mainland and Southeast Asia, where it is also popular at the dinner table.

Bracken is a deciduous herb of Pteridaceae. Bracken is generally up to one meter tall, with long and horizontal roots, dark brown fluff, and new leaves in early spring, showing a trigeminal shape. The petiole leaves are fresh and tender, covered with white fluff, and this is the gathering period. The petiole is long 30~100cm, the leaf blade is triangular, the leaf is long 65~150cm, the width is 30cm 60cm, the second pinnate division is 2 times, the lower pinna is opposite, the brown sporangium is born continuously on the edge of the leaf, and there is a double cyst cover. It grows on the sunny slope with moist, fertile and deep soil in the mountain area.

The tender leaves of bracken contain Hu, potassium, calcium, magnesium, fern, fern glycoside, acetylfern, choline and sterol. In addition, bracken also contains 18 kinds of amino acids. Modern research shows that the cellulose in bracken can promote intestinal peristalsis and reduce the absorption of fat by intestines and stomach. Bracken taste sweet cold, medicine has detoxification, heat-clearing, moistening intestines, phlegm and other effects, often eaten can lower blood pressure, relieve dizziness and insomnia. Bracken can also stop diarrhea and diuresis, and the dietary fiber it contains can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, has the effect of relieving qi and defecation, clearing intestines and detoxification, and can also treat rheumatic arthritis, dysentery, hemoptysis and other diseases. It also has preventive effect on measles and influenza.

Symptoms and control of bracken blight

Bracken blight is a common disease in seedling stage. Most of them are harmful to the seedlings in the middle and later stage, and become dead seedlings and mildew roots. when they are serious, they cause dead seedlings, which occur all over the country.

What is blight? Rhizoctonia solanacearum, also known as "dead seedling", is mainly caused by Rhizoctonia solani (scientific name Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, English name Sheath Blight), which belongs to semi-knowns subphylum fungi. A wide range of hosts, in addition to Solanaceae, melon vegetables, some leguminous, cruciferous and other vegetables can also be killed, there are known to be more than 160 species of plants can be infected.

Symptoms of bracken blight:

Most of them occurred in the middle and later stages of seedling breeding. It mainly harms the stem base or underground root of the seedlings, which is oval or irregular dark brown disease spot at first, wilts in the early day, recovers at night, the disease part gradually sinks and overflows, and some gradually changes to dark brown, when the disease spot expands around the stem for a week. Finally withered and died, but did not lodge. The mildly diseased plants only saw brown sunken disease spots and did not die. When the seedbed humidity is high, the light brown arachnoid mold can be seen in the disease department.

Prevention and control methods of bracken blight:

1. Pay attention to the choice of seedling bed. Choose fields with high dryness, drainage and irrigation, leeward to the sun, soil fertile and loose, disease-free.

2. Strictly disinfect the soil. It is necessary to carry out soil disinfection for the old seedbed or nutritious soil that may carry bacteria. Disinfect with 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 8-10 grams per square seedbed. First, mix the medicinal soil with an appropriate amount of fine dry soil, then sprinkle the 1x3 medicinal soil into the rice noodles, and then sprinkle the remaining 2 medicinal soil on the seeds after sowing. Finally, cover the soil and finish the sowing.

3. Strengthen the management of seedbed. Sowing should be uniform, dense medicine should be moderate, put in the right amount at the right time, avoid low temperature and high temperature, and do not water in cloudy and rainy days.

4. Chemical control. If the disease occurs after emergence, you can choose 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 liquid, 64% disinfectant alum wettable powder 500 liquid, etc., spray once every 7-10 days, spray 2-3 times continuously.