How to prevent snake melon aphids

Snake gourd, alias snake bean, snake towel gourd, soybeans, etc., is an annual climbing herb in the genus Trichosanthes of Cucurbitaceae. Snake melon takes tender fruit as a vegetable, but tender leaves and stems are also edible. Tender melons are rich in carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. The meat is soft and has a slight smell, but when cooked, it becomes fragrant and slightly sweet. Snake melon nature is cool, enter the lung, stomach, large intestine meridian, can clear heat and resolve phlegm, moistening lung smooth intestines, snake melon tender fruit and tender stems and leaves can be fried, soup, unique flavor. Snake melon has few diseases and insect pests, so it can become a pollution-free vegetable and has a certain market potential.

Morphological characteristics of snake melon

Leaf blade membranous, orbicular or reniform, 8-16 cm long, 12-18 cm wide, 3-7-lobed to middle-lobed, sometimes deeply parted, lobes very variable, usually Obovate, bilaterally asymmetric, apex obtuse or broadly triangular, mucronate, margin sparsely denticulate, base curved, deeply cordate, ca. 3 cm deep, upper green, pubescent and scattered villous hirsute, abaxially light green, densely pubescent Main veins 5-7, straight to the tip of teeth, veinlets reticulate Petiole 3.5-8 cm long, longitudinally striate, densely pubescent and sparsely pilose hirsute. Tendrils 2-3 distinct, longitudinally striate, pubescent.

Flowers are monoecious. Male flowers form racemes, often with a solitary female flower, peduncle 10-18 cm long, sparsely pubescent and hirsute, tip with 8-10 flowers, pedicel slender, 5-12 mm long, densely pubescent; bracts subulate-lanceolate, 3 (- 5) mm long. Calyx tube subcylindric, 2.5-3 cm long, tip slightly enlarged, 4-5 mm in diameter, densely pubescent and sparsely villous hirsute, lobes narrowly triangular, ca. 2 mm long, base width ca. 1 mm, reflexed; Corolla white, lobes ovate-oblong, 7-8 mm long, ca. 3 mm wide, with 3 veins, fringes nearly as long as Corolla lobes; anther ovoid, ca. 3 mm.

Filaments slender, ca. 2 mm; degenerate pistil with 3 slender separate styles. Female flowers solitary, pedicels less than 1 cm long, densely villous; calyx and Corolla androgynous; ovary clavate, 2.5-3 cm long, ca. 3 mm in diam., densely very pubescent and villous hirsute. The fruit is long cylindrical, 1-2 m long, 3-4 cm in diameter, usually twisted, green when young, with pale stripes, orange when mature, with more than 10 seeds. Seeds oblong, hidden in bright red pulp, 11-17 mm long, 8-10 mm wide, grayish brown, navel end narrowed, other end rounded or slightly truncate, margin shallowly undulate crenate, wrinkled on both sides. Flowering and fruiting in late summer and autumn.

How to prevent snake melon aphids?

Aphids, also known as greasy insects and honey insects, are a kind of herbivorous insects, including all members of the family aphididae (also known as aphid family, scientific name: Aphidoidea). At present, there are about 4400 species of aphids in 10 families, most of which belong to Aphididae. Aphids are also one of the most destructive pests on earth. About 250 of them are pests that are seriously harmful to agroforestry and horticulture. Aphids are widely distributed all over the world, but they are mainly concentrated in temperate regions. In addition, species diversity is much lower in the tropics than in temperate zones. Aphids can migrate remotely, mainly by floating in the wind; lettuce aphids, for example, are thought to spread from New Zealand to Tasmania. Some human activities can also facilitate the migration of aphids, such as the process of transporting plants attached to aphids.

Damage symptoms of snake melon aphids: the direct damage of aphids is mainly caused by adult and nymph sucking leaves, stems, tender heads and tender ear juice. Most of the wheat long tube aphids do harm to the upper leaves of the plant, and proliferate rapidly after heading and filling, focusing on the ear. Wheat bifurcate aphids like to damage the crops at the seedling stage, and the damaged parts form withered spots, but other aphids do not have this symptom.

Control methods of snake melon aphids:

First, take 0.5 kg of purple garlic, soak in water for a while, mash the juice, dilute it 10 times with water, and immediately spray to eliminate aphids: take 3 orange peels, soak them in teacup with warm water, cover them for a day and night, spray with juice every day, soak water with cigarette butts alive, and spray places with worms. These two methods aim at the elimination of aphids in flowers and plants of private species.

The second is to soak the peach leaves in water for one day and night, add a small amount of quicklime to filter and spray, and the third is to grind the tobacco into fine powder and sprinkle with a small amount of quicklime, which can achieve good control effect.

In the process of agricultural production, the volatile odor of leek can repel aphids. If it is planted with other vegetables, it can reduce the density of aphids and reduce the harm of aphids to vegetables. Or washing powder to kill aphids, the main ingredient of washing powder is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, which has a strong contact killing effect on aphids. Using washing powder 400 × 500 times solution 600.80 kg / mu, spraying 2 times continuously for 3 times can play a good role in prevention and control. The main overwintering hosts of aphids are the withered grass near the vegetable field and the diseased leaves of the residual plants after the vegetable harvest. Therefore, weeds in the fields and vegetable fields should be thoroughly cleaned before winter, winter and spring, so as to eliminate insect sources and improve the effect of control. Using natural enemies to control aphids, the natural enemies of aphids include Coccinella septempunctata, Coccinella axyridis, aphid flies and aphid mold, which have irreplaceable killing effect on aphids.