Symptoms and control of soft rot of garlic

Garlic, also known as garlic, garlic. Semiannual herb of the genus Allium in Liliaceae, used as a bulb in medicine. Harvest in spring and summer, tie the handle, hang in the ventilated place, dry in the shade and set aside. As the agricultural proverb says, "if you plant garlic, it will grow nine months." when the leaves are withered in June, they will be dug, removed, ventilated, dried or baked until the outer skin is dry. Garlic is oblate or short conical, with gray-white or light brown membranous scales on the outside, peeled off the scale leaves, with 6-10 cloves inside, whorled around the flower stem, the base of the stem is discoid, and there are many fibrous roots. Each garlic clove is wrapped in a thin film and peeled off to see white, thick and succulent scales. There is a strong spicy garlic flavor, spicy taste. It has a pungent smell, can be eaten or seasoned, or can be used as medicine. The underground bulb is divided into purple skin and white skin according to different skin color. Garlic was introduced into China from the Western regions in the Qin and Han dynasties. After artificial cultivation and breeding, garlic has the effect of anti-cancer and is loved by the public.

Garlic is nutritious: 69.8 grams of water, 4.4 grams of protein, 0.2 grams of fat, 23.6 grams of carbohydrates, 5 milligrams of calcium, 44 milligrams of phosphorus, 0.4 milligrams of iron and C3 milligrams of vitamin per 100 grams. In addition, it also contains thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, allicin, citral, selenium and germanium and other trace elements. Contains about 0.2% of the volatile oil, the main ingredient in the oil is allicin, which has bactericidal effect, and is produced by the hydrolysis of alliin in garlic by the action of garlic enzyme. It also contains a variety of thioether compounds composed of allyl, propyl and methyl groups.

Garlic contains alliin, which is many times better for the brain than vitamin B. Usually let children eat more onions and garlic, can make the growth and development of brain cells more active. Garlic warm, taste Xinping; enter the spleen, stomach, lung meridian. Yin deficiency fire and chronic gastritis ulcer patients should be careful to eat external use can cause skin redness, burning, blistering, so it should not be too long, skin allergies should be used with caution.

Garlic has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects, can protect the liver, regulate blood sugar, protect cardiovascular, anti-hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis, anti-platelet aggregation. Nutrition experts have found that garlic extract has an anti-tumor effect, so it is recommended to eat 3Mel 5g of garlic raw every day. Although garlic has the function of killing insects, detoxifying, dispelling cold and strengthening stomach, it belongs to damp-heat products, and it is also irritant. it can stimulate the liver, lungs, stomach and eyes, and should be abstained from patients with liver heat or hepatitis, severe fire in spleen and stomach, eye pain or inflammation. Eating too much garlic hurts the spleen, lungs, liver, ears, phlegm and cough.

Symptoms and control of soft rot of garlic

Harmful symptoms of garlic soft rot:

Garlic first occurs from the leaf margin or midrib, forming yellow-white stripes along the leaf margin or midrib, which can run through the whole leaf. When the humidity is high, the disease is yellowish brown and soft rot. In general, the lower leaves first fell ill, and then gradually expanded upward, so that the whole plant withered or died.

Prevention and control of soft rot of garlic:

Strengthen cultivation management

1. Garlic species should be selected and selected before sowing, and virus-free, disease-resistant, disease-free and insect-free garlic should be used as far as possible.

2. The former stubble is selected as non-onion and garlic vegetable plot, and the loam with flat topography, convenient drainage and irrigation, rich soil organic matter and strong ability to preserve fertilizer and water should be selected for planting. Soil preparation should be deep ploughing sun, rake flat, so that the upper loose and lower solid.

3. Adopt formula fertilization, apply fully rotten organic fertilizer and cake fertilizer, and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote the healthy growth of seedlings and improve the disease resistance of green garlic at seedling stage, so as to reduce the occurrence of physiological diseases.

4. sow seeds at the right time. Grasp the suitable sowing date, water thoroughly after sowing, cover plastic film after watering, improve soil temperature, preserve soil moisture, reduce irrigation times, and effectively reduce the spread of pathogens through Rain Water, irrigation and other ways.

Chemical control

1. Seed garlic treatment: seed coating with 2.5% suspension seed coating agent with 0.25% seed weight can kill garlic pathogens; seed dressing with 50% carbendazim, seed dressing method is 100 grams of each agent mixed with water 5 kg, seed mixing 50 min 75 kg, and sowing after evenly mixing and drying, the control effect on soft rot can reach about 95%.

2. Soil treatment: this method is suitable for plots where soft rot has occurred. The sowing ditch is sprayed with 600 times of 3% Dianweidan suspension or 77% Douning wettable powder, 100 kg per mu, and sown immediately after spraying; copper sulfate, quicklime and plant ash are mixed in the proportion of 100% and sprinkled in the garlic ditch.

3. Foliar spraying: if there are still diseased plants with the above measures, 77% Ke'e wettable powder 500m / 800 times can be sprayed in time at the initial stage of the disease, once every 7m / 10 days for 3 times in a row; the rhizome is irrigated with 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 / 800 times. For garlic fields with high soil moisture, the control effect is better as soon as possible.