How to control flax spot of Zizania caduciflora

Zizania caduciflora, also known as high melon, bamboo shoots, bamboo shoots, bamboo shoots. It is a perennial perennial herb of the genus Gramineae. It is divided into double season Zizania latifolia and single season Zizania latifolia (or divided into one mature Zizania latifolia and two cropping Zizania latifolia). The yield of double cropping Zizania latifolia (double cropping Zizania latifolia) is higher and the quality is good. The ancients called Zizania latifolia "Zizania latifolia". Before the Tang Dynasty, Zizania caduciflora was cultivated as a food crop, and its seeds were called rice or carved Hu, which was one of the "six grains" (millet, sorghum, wheat and wild rice). Later, it was found that some Zizania latifolia did not heading because they were infected with smut fungus, and the plants had no symptoms of disease, and the stems continued to expand, gradually forming spindle-shaped fleshy stems, which is now edible Zizania latifolia. In this way, people use powdery mildew to prevent Zizania caduciflora from blooming and fruiting and propagate this malformed plant as a vegetable. It can be used as medicine. Only China and Vietnam grow Zizania caduciflora as a vegetable in the world. Zizania caduciflora is known as one of the three good in Shandong Xintai Bai Zhuangzi (Zizania caduciflora, spring bud and wild duck egg), which has been handed down since ancient times. Most of them grow in the lakes of the Yangtze River and are suitable for growing in fresh water.

Zizania caduciflora is a temperature-loving plant, which can grow at a suitable temperature of 10-25 ℃ and is not tolerant to cold, high temperature and drought. The double-season Zizania latifolia is planted in the plain area, which requires less sunshine and higher water and fertilizer conditions, and temperature is an important factor affecting the pregnancy of Zizania latifolia. Zizania caduciflora has developed root system and large water demand, which is suitable for clay loam or loam with sufficient water source, convenient irrigation, deep and soft soil, fertile soil, rich in organic matter and strong ability of water and fertilizer conservation.

Zizania caduciflora can be divided into two types: single season in autumn and double season in autumn and summer. Both of them were propagated separately. Zizania latifolia was planted from Qingming to Grain Rain in a single season in the Yangtze River Basin, and could be divided into spring and autumn in summer and autumn. It was planted before and after Grain Rain in spring and before and after the Beginning of Autumn in autumn.

How to prevent and cure flax spot of Zizania caduciflora?

Zizania latifolia flax spot is one of the main diseases of Zizania caduciflora. In recent years, due to the increase of cultivated area of Zizania caduciflora, the disease is becoming more and more serious. When the disease is serious, the leaves turn yellow and die, resulting in the early death of the whole field, which has a great impact on the yield.

Symptoms of flax spot of Zizania caduciflora

The main damage to the leaves, the initial formation of dense brown spots, and then expanded into oval brown spots, size and shape such as sesame grains, a few into strips, dark brown edges, light grayish brown in the middle, and a yellow halo in the surrounding leaf tissue. Disease spot for a long time, resulting in a larger necrotic area, so that the leaves gradually withered and died.

Incidence regularity of flax spot of Zizania caduciflora

The flax spot of Zizania caduciflora is caused by helminthosporium infection. The pathogen overwintered mainly with mycelium and conidia on old plants or diseased remains, and then first infected with conidia in the following year, and conidia were continuously produced in the susceptible parts for re-infection. The optimum temperature for bacteria reproduction is 28 ℃, high humidity is conducive to the formation of bacteria, bacteria have strong stress resistance, and can survive for many years under dry conditions. Germs can spread through airflow or Rain Water. Under the condition of high temperature and humidity, continuous cropping of Zizania caduciflora, high field density or lack of zinc and potassium, the plant growth is weak, which is easy to induce the disease.

Control methods of flax spot of Zizania caduciflora

① cut stubble in winter to reduce the source of overwintering bacteria. Cut the stubble 1.5 cm off the ground in winter, take it out of the field and burn it.

② crop rotation. Zizania caduciflora rotation with taro and lotus root in order to reduce the accumulation of bacteria in the field and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

③ fertilized rationally. Give priority to organic fertilizer, especially where the soil is short of potassium, we should apply more potassium fertilizer and supplement zinc fertilizer. The general application of organic fertilizer is 2500000kg per mu.

④ irrigates water skillfully and basks the field at the right time. During the high temperature period from July to August, keep the water depth at 13,000,000 cm, and change the water frequently to cool down, so as to reduce the harm of diseases and insect pests. Zizania caduciflora should pay attention to drying the field, drying the field every time until the topsoil is cracked and then irrigating, so as to improve the vitality of the root system and the disease resistance of the plant.

⑤ sprayed in time. Grasp the timely use of drugs at the initial stage of the disease, and generally begin to develop the disease in late May. You can choose 40% of Yidaojing 800 times, 50% of hydantoin 700 times, more than 40%? Spray control such as 500 times liquid of sulfur suspension. Once every 10 days, prevention and treatment for 3 times in a row.