Matters needing attention in winter cultivation of leek

Leek yellow is also known as "leek bud","yellow leek bud","yellow leek", commonly known as "leek white", for leek after softening cultivation yellow products. Chives isolated from light, completely grown in the dark, because there is no sunlight supply, can not carry out photosynthesis, synthesis of chlorophyll, will become yellow, called "leek yellow." Because it does not see sunlight and is yellow-white, its nutritional value is inferior to leek. It belongs to perennial herb of Liliaceae, and is used as medicine with seeds and leaves. It has the effects of strengthening stomach, refreshing, stopping sweating and astringency, tonifying kidney and helping yang, and strengthening essence. Distributed throughout the country.

morphological characteristics

The root of leek is special, it has no main root and lateral root difference, less root hair, only relatively fat string-like fibrous root, seeded in the same year born at the base of the rhizome stem disk; the second year born around the rhizome stem disk and one side. Fibrous roots are about 30 cm long and are mainly distributed in the soil layer 20 cm below the topsoil. The results showed that the ability of leek root to absorb water and nutrients was poor. Rhizome was gourd-shaped, long in the soil, is the organ of nutrient storage, the top of the growth point in the same year can occur tiller.

The bulb of annual leek was oblate, the bulb of biennial leek began to elongate and continued to generate new roots, and the position of new roots inclined to the outside. Later, with the increase of tillers, the rhizomes continue to extend to the ground every year, and the new fibrous roots are also rising, while the original old roots are constantly dying, resulting in the so-called "jumping roots" phenomenon. This allows the roots to renew year after year. The life span of Chinese chive root and stem is 2~3 years. With the increase of plant age, the old rhizome gradually senescence and death, and the fibrous root also dies, and new fibrous roots continuously replace the dead old roots on the upper rhizome. Generally, each tiller has about 10 fibrous roots on average. The tiller number of Chinese chives seedlings over three years old decreased relatively, but good fertilizer and water conditions could delay this trend, so that Chinese chives could last for a long time. Leaves flat, banded, leaf sheaths closed, forming pseudostems. Bolting occurs between July and August, with umbels on top. White, black seeds.

Winter cultivation considerations

I. Field layout

The leek ridge extends from east to west, 3 meters wide, 2.5 meters wide, 0.5 meters high and 25 centimeters high.

II. Preparation of leek plants

Chives choose wide leaves, thick stems, cold-resistant varieties. Cultivation of leek seedlings early spring leek plants pay attention to intertillage weeding, watering fertilization, treatment of maggots and so on.

III. Root cultivation in autumn

Chives in the "summer" before and after, the latest in the "autumnal equinox" before, heavy application of organic fertilizer. After fertilization, 50% trichlorfon 800 times solution was used to irrigate Chinese chives to control maggots. Autumn to leek often watering, no rain 15 days 1 water, in case of waterlogging to drain.

At the same time, shallow cultivation and weeding are carried out for many times. After autumn management, the leek grows into a leek plant with leaves of 1.5 cm, stem diameter of 1 cm and plant height of 40 cm.

IV. Winter management

After the beginning of winter, wind barriers were set up on the north side of leek beds. The height of the windbreak depends on the width of the ridge. A typical 3 m wide bed requires a 3.5 m high windbreak. Windbreaks tilt 75 degrees south, and each windbreak is 5 meters from north to south. "Snow", leek back to the root, wither leek leaves will be taken off, clean up, with a small hoe to dig open, exposed bulbs, air for a day. Dichlorfon or dichlorvos is sprayed by pot irrigation or sprayer to control underground pests. Then cover the film and Pu mat, Pu mat three layers, open at 9 am, 3 pm cover. When the leek sprouts grow out of the ground, they begin to cover the soil, and the thickness is subject to covering the leaf sheath part. The leek grows again and is covered with soil three times, with a total thickness of 15 cm. Avoid covering the soil too thick once. To sieve the soil pile in leek rows, cover soil with small hoe culture in leek plants on both sides.

V. Scientific harvest

The first crop growth period of 30 days,"New Year's Day" listed, plant height of about 30 cm. The lower cutter position is at the junction of the original ridge surface and the covering soil.

VI. Post-harvest tubule

After harvest, the soil cover is cleared to the ridge, and the topsoil is loosened to improve the ground temperature. When the seedlings are 3 cm, water them, flush them with water, and then manage them as before. Harvest 2~3 crops. 3 After the sword, it will not cover the earth again, nor will it reap in the same year. Remove the film and mulch and let it grow under natural conditions. Strengthen management and raise roots to prepare for reproduction next winter.