Cultivation and management techniques of cabbage in summer

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) is an annual or biennial herb of Brassica in Cruciferae, which is one of the most important vegetables in China. Cabbage-natural stomach vegetables cabbage flat taste sweet, non-toxic, into the stomach, kidney meridians. Cabbage is one of the best vegetables recommended by the World Health Organization, and it is also known as the natural "stomach dish".

Morphological characteristics of cabbage

Biennial or perennial herbs, ca. 60-150 cm tall. Lower leaves large, pinnately parted, up to 40 cm long, with colored veins, stipitate; apical lobe large, apex rounded, base cordate, margin undulate, crenulate, apical lobe 3-5 pairs, Obovate, upper leaves oblong, entire, clasping, all leaves fleshy, glabrous, glaucous.

Racemes to 30 cm or more in fruit; flowers pale yellow, 10-15 mm in diam.; sepals oblong, erect, 8-11 mm long; petals Obovate, 15-20 mm long, apex rounded, clawed. Siliques cylindric, 5-10 cm long; beak 5-10 mm long, seedless; fruiting pedicel ca. 2 cm; seeds globose, ca. 2 mm in diam., grayish brown.

Cultivation and management techniques of cabbage in summer

I. Variety selection

Early-maturing varieties with high temperature resistance, disease resistance, high yield and high uniformity must be selected. The varieties suitable for summer cabbage cultivation are Hmur60, Xiaguang, Xiawang, Japanese KK and so on.

II. Soil preparation and fertilization

Before cultivated land, 3000 kg of mature farm manure, 50-60 kg of three-element compound fertilizer and 20 kg of urea were applied per mu, sprinkled evenly under the field, and 1000 grams of glycine per mu or 500g of Kanglu Gongchen were applied to control underground pests. To be leveled after ridging, ridge width of 1 meter (including trench), ridge height of 12-15 cm, ridge length of 15-20 meters.

III. Planting and density

Summer cabbage seedlings can be planted at the age of about 30 days. It is suitable to plant from mid-June to early July. Each ridge is planted with 2 rows, narrow row spacing of 40 cm, wide row spacing of 60 cm and plant spacing of 33 cm. About 4000 summer cabbage varieties were planted with 667m pupil square meters and 3600cm to 4000 autumn cabbage Hmur60BA plants. Planting should be carried out on cloudy days or in the evening to prevent hot sun exposure. Seedlings must be transplanted with soil, and can not be pulled out and planted. Immediately after planting, the seedlings should be watered to slow down the seedlings.

IV. Field management

⑴ ploughing 2-3 times, shallow ploughing, do not hurt the root.

⑵ timely drainage and irrigation, timely drainage work after heavy rain, there can be no stagnant water. And want "waterlogged garden". Timely watering during drought, keep the soil dry and wet, keep the soil moist after entering the rosette stage, it is best to water wells, not rivers and ponds. In order to lower the ground temperature and promote growth. ⑶ should be fertilized once earlier, urea 20 kg per square meter, and ⑷ should be sprayed with cytokinin for 2-3 times after heading.

V. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The disease is mainly to prevent, strictly prevent the occurrence of virus disease and black rot. Black rot can be sterilized into 800x solution, or 72% agricultural streptomycin soluble powder 4000-fold solution, or Guanjuanqing 800-1000 times liquid, or 77% can kill wettable powder 500x spray. The virus can be sprayed with 20% virus A wettable powder 500x, or 1.5% phytopathogen 1000 times combined with sterilization. The main pests are small land tiger, cabbage worm, diamondback moth, night moth and so on. Small tigers can be killed with poison bait. Plutella xylostella and other pests can be sprayed with 2000 times liquid of poisonous scorpion, or 1500 times of EC, or 2.5% of 3000 times of insecticide, and the control effect is good.