How to cultivate hericium Erinaceus in plastic greenhouse

Hericium Erinaceus (scientific name: Hericium erinaceus) is a traditional Chinese valuable dish with tender meat, delicious taste and delicious taste. It is one of the four famous dishes (hericium Erinaceus, bear paw, sea cucumber and shark's fin). It is known as "Shanzhen hericium, seafood bird's nest". This kind of dentistry fungus, the fungus umbrella surface has furry flesh thorns, about 1-3 cm long, its fruiting body is round and thick, white when fresh, from light yellow to light brown after drying, the base is narrow or slightly short handle, the upper part is dilated, the diameter is 3.5-10 cm, it looks like golden hericium from a distance, it is called "hericium Erinaceus", it is also like hedgehog, so it is also known as "hedgehog". Hericium Erinaceus is a delicious mountain treasure, fresh and tender meat, mellow and delicious, known as "vegetarian meat".

Morphological characteristics of hericium Erinaceus

Hericium Erinaceus is shaped like the head of a monkey, hence its name. The spores are transparent and colorless, the surface is smooth, spherical or nearly spherical, and the size is about 6.57.5 & micro; m × 5 × 5.5.The spores are transparent, colorless, spherical or nearly spherical. The mycelial cell wall is thin, with transverse septum and lock-like union. The diameter of mycelium is 10-20. It is one of the four famous dishes (hericium Erinaceus, bear paw, sea cucumber and shark's fin).

The fruiting body is massive, flat hemispherical or head-shaped, fleshy, 5-15cm in diameter, unbranched (different from pseudohericium Erinaceus). It turns white when fresh and brown or light brown when dry. Fruiting body base narrow or slightly shortly stipitate. The spines are dense and drooping, covering the whole fruiting body, and the spines are cylindrical in shape, with spines 1-5cm long and 1-2mm thick. The surface of each fine thorn is covered with fruiting layer, on which there are dense basidiospores and cysts, but four basidiospores are produced on the seed, and wild hericium Erinaceus generally grows in pairs.

How to cultivate hericium Erinaceus in plastic greenhouse?

Hericium Erinaceus is a kind of medium-and high-grade edible fungus with special flavor and high nutrition and health value. With the improvement of people's living standards, the sales market of fresh monkey head mushrooms is gradually expanding. Popularizing the cultivation of hericium Erinaceus can not only meet people's consumption needs, but also help mushroom farmers get rich. The technology is introduced as follows:

I. Construction of plastic greenhouse

Choose a place with flat terrain, close to water source and clean environment to build a shed. Greenhouse specifications: the east-west length is about 45 meters (determined according to the cultivation scale), the north-south width is 8 meters, the north wall height (including digging depth) is 2.8 meters, and the south wall height is 1. 6 meters. A partition wall is built every 15 meters between the north and the south. The wall is a brick structure, the north wall is a double-layer hollow wall to facilitate thermal insulation, and the south wall has two windows every 3 meters for ventilation. The shed is dug 50 cm below the ground, and the top surface of the shed is covered with non-dripping film for heat preservation. Qualified mushroom farmers can also use the winter warm vegetable greenhouse for hericium Erinaceus cultivation.

Second, the cultivation season

According to the temperature requirements of the growth and development of hericium Erinaceus, the cultivation bags should be made in the middle of October in Shandong Province, after about a month of cultivation, the mushroom began to produce in the middle and late November, and ended in the first and middle March of the following year.

III. Preparation of cultivation bags

1. Culture material preparation formula ①: cotton husk 90%, wheat bran 8%, gypsum 1%, superphosphate 1%. Formula ②: cotton husk 58%, sawdust 30%, wheat bran 10%, gypsum 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%. Formula ③: cottonseed husk 50%, corncob powder 38%, wheat bran 10%, gypsum 1%, calcium superphosphate 1%. Mix the above ingredients well and adjust the water content to 65% according to the ratio of material to water: 1: 1. 2: 1: 1: 1.4 by adding water.

2. 15 cm × 32 cm ~ 34 cm × 0.04 cm polypropylene plastic bags are used for bagging. The weight of dry material in each bag is about 0.4 kg ~ 0.45 kg. Press the material moderately, and then tighten the mouth of the bag with a rope.

IV. Sterilization

1. Put the culture bag into a sterilizer layer by layer under atmospheric pressure, heat it to 100 ℃, keep it for 10 hours, simmer for 5 to 6 hours, then take out the bag and cool it for inoculation.

2. High-capacity high-pressure sterilizer for high-pressure sterilization. The bag is also placed in layers to maintain the pressure of 1. 2 kg / square centimeter for 2 hours, then cool naturally to 00:00, open the pot cover and remove the bag to cool. When sterilizing in a large-capacity sterilizer, if the pressure is raised to 1. 5 kg / square centimeter, it is easy to cause molten bag and bag expansion, which will affect the sterilization effect.