Causes and control measures of rot of Lentinus edodes rods

Lentinus edodes, also known as flower mushroom, hericium Erinaceus, mushroom, incense, mushroom, is the fruiting body of mushroom of Pleurotus ostreatus. Lentinus edodes is the second largest edible mushroom in the world, and it is also one of the specialties in China. It is known as "Shanzhen" among the people. It is a fungus that grows on wood. The taste is delicious, the aroma is delicious and the nutrition is rich. Lentinus edodes is rich in vitamin B group, iron, potassium, provitamin D (converted to vitamin D after the sun), sweet and flat. The main treatment is loss of appetite, lack of energy and lack of energy.

Lentinus edodes, known as "the king of Shanzhen", is a nutritious and health food with high protein and low fat. Chinese medical scientists of all ages have famous expositions on Lentinus edodes. With the in-depth study of modern medicine and nutrition, the medicinal value of Lentinus edodes has been explored. The content of ergosterol in Lentinus edodes is very high, which is effective for the prevention and treatment of rickets; lentinan (β ~ 1 ~ 3 glucan) can enhance cellular immunity and thus inhibit the growth of cancer cells; Lentinus edodes contains more than 40 kinds of enzymes, which can correct human enzyme deficiency; the fatty acids in the fat of Lentinus edodes are beneficial to reduce blood lipids. Lentinus edodes-fungal queen. Lentinus edodes, also known as mushrooms, winter mushrooms, is a kind of fungi growing on wood. Because of its fragrant taste, pleasant aroma and rich nutrition, it not only ranks above straw mushroom, flat mushroom and white mushroom, but also has the reputation of "fungal queen".

Causes and control measures of rot of Lentinus edodes rods

The cause of Lentinus edodes rotting

Stick rot often occurs in the old mushroom area where it has been cultivated for a long time, and the root cause is the invasion and infection of competitive miscellaneous bacteria, so all the factors that induce the invasion and infection of miscellaneous bacteria will lead to stick rot, which can be summarized in the following aspects.

1) the stress resistance of cultivated varieties is weakened.

The weakening of stress resistance is a manifestation of the degradation of varieties, which is the internal cause of rotting.

Some leading varieties in the old mushroom area have been planted for many years, the species is degraded, the mycelium vitality is weakened, the ability to adapt to the environment is poor, and the ability to resist the invasion of miscellaneous bacteria decreases, so the competitive miscellaneous bacteria can take advantage of the deficiency, causing the stick to rot. For example, Lentinus edodes 241Mui 4 has been cultivated for a long time, its high yield and stress resistance have decreased obviously in recent years, and its stick is also easy to rot.

2) the cultivation environment is bad.

Poor cultivation environment leads to inhibition of mycelium growth, weakening of stress resistance, senescence, death, autolysis and rotting of mycelia. Factors such as high temperature in summer, poor ventilation, improper use of disinfectants and deterioration of raw materials can also induce decay.

3) Pest damage

Mushroom pests enter the rod from the vent to grow and reproduce and bite the mycelium directly. after the mycelium is injured, the mycelium forms a local high temperature and high nutrition environment, which makes the competitive miscellaneous bacteria invade and infect, form insect and bacteria cross-infection, and cause the rods to rot. The insect population density in the old mushroom area is high, which is serious, and the rotten stick is also relatively serious.

4) puncture injury

In the process of cultivation, piercing ventilation was improperly operated, and piercing instruments (nails, bamboo sticks, etc.) directly stabbed the hyphae, resulting in human infection and decay of miscellaneous bacteria.

5) Drug injury

The mycelia or fruiting bodies of Lentinus edodes are sensitive to most pesticides and are easy to cause drug damage. For example, dichlorvos and dimethoate have obvious toxic effects on mycelium. Mushroom farmers use these pesticides to control insects, which results in rotting of bacterial rods.

Prevention and treatment of rotting of Lentinus edodes sticks

The prevention and control of bacterial rod rot should be based on prevention, supplemented by treatment, and carried out in the whole process of cultivation and management.

The main results are as follows: 1) the superior varieties were selected to purify and rejuvenate the degraded varieties.

2) carry out cultivation and management strictly according to the technical regulations for high-yield cultivation of Lentinus edodes.

① rational distribution of varieties. Select the suitable varieties according to the local climate characteristics.

② should do a good job in the hygiene of the cultivation site and environment, and the waste bacteria sticks should be cleaned up in time last year; old mushroom farms should be sprayed with germicidal insecticides to reduce miscellaneous bacteria pollution sources and reduce insect population density.

③ strictly controls the dosage of disinfectants. At present, the effective ingredients of disinfectants on the market are the same, the best dosage is 4 grams per cubic meter, not more than 6 grams.

④ inoculation mouth is sealed with wax or tape to prevent insects and bacteria from invading the bacteria stick from the inoculation mouth.

⑤ piercing ventilation should be standardized, the diameter of the nail should be less than 2 mm, and the hole depth should be 1. 5cm. Choose the piercing hole on a sunny day, not at the tumor-like object.

⑥ can control insect pests and prevent diseases reasonably. Select the mushroom special insecticide "Mushroom Chong Jing" with high efficiency, no side effects, non-toxicity and long effect to spray once after the first piercing, and then spray again after two months, it can effectively control insect pests. Dichlorvos and other insecticides that should not be used on Lentinus edodes should not be used.

3) treat the broken stick in time.

After discovering the rotting phenomenon of bacterial rods, the rotten rods should be picked out and stacked in time to avoid cross-infection between rods, and the following treatment should be carried out: ① cut off the decayed part with a clean blade, scrub the plaque cut and film with carbendazim and other fungicides, and then restore the film and seal it with adhesive tape to prevent water loss and insect and bacterial invasion again. This operation is best done under aseptic conditions. If ② begins to rot at the initial stage of infection, it should be sterilized and inoculated again (redone).