Key points of bag cultivation and Management of Coprinus comatus

Coprinus comatus, also known as Coprinus comatus, is commonly known as Coprinus comatus. It is named for its shape like chicken leg and meat taste like chicken shreds. It is a rare fungus with commercial potential artificially developed in recent years and is known as "the rookie of bacteria". Coprinus comatus is rich in nutrition, delicious in taste and excellent in taste. Regular consumption helps to increase appetite, digestion and enhance human immunity. It has high nutritional value.

Coprinus comatus requirements for environmental conditions

1. Nutrition. Coprinus comatus is a highly adaptable soil fungus. Available materials are very wide, such as straw, wheat straw, cottonseed hull, cow dung, horse manure, but also can be a good use of a variety of broad-leaved sawdust. It can be cultivated with clinker, fermented material or raw material.

2. Temperature. The optimum temperature for mycelium growth was 20~28℃, and the optimum temperature was 24~27℃. Fruiting body formation needs low temperature stimulation, and when the culture temperature drops below 20℃, fruiting body primordia are formed quickly. The fruiting temperature ranges from 9 ℃ to 28℃, but the optimum temperature is 12 ℃ to 18℃. At 16~22℃, the number of sub-bodies was the most and the yield was the highest. Coprinus comatus hyphae has strong cold resistance. Under-30 ℃, hyphae in soil can survive safely, but hyphae will melt themselves above 35℃. Generally below 8℃, above 30℃, fruiting body is difficult to form.

3. Humidity. 65%~70% moisture content of culture medium is very suitable for mycelium growth, and the relative humidity of atmosphere is 85%~95% at fruiting stage.

4. Light and ventilation. Mushroom bud differentiation requires light intensity of 300~500 lux and sufficient oxygen.

5. pH (pH). Coprinus comatus prefers neutral alkaline medium, pH value of culture medium and covering soil is 7. 0~7. 5 is appropriate.

6. Earth. Coprinus mushrooms need to be stimulated by microorganisms and minerals in the soil. Without soil, the number of fruit bodies formed is greatly reduced. Cultivation requires covering with soil.

Management of Coprinus comatus bag culture

(i) Medium formulation

Rice straw 78%, cottonseed hull 15%, wheat bran 3%, lime 1~2%, gypsum powder 2%, pH value adjusted to about 8, lime used to adjust pH value can be changed slightly. Bagging and seed production shall be treated according to the conventional method. (ii) Seasonal arrangements

The mycelium growth temperature of Coprinus comatus is 8~38℃, the optimum temperature is 18~25℃, the fruiting temperature is 12~28℃, the optimum temperature is 16~25℃, belonging to the middle high temperature type. When other conditions were the same, temperature had obvious effect on the biological transformation rate of Coprinus comatus. In April and October, because the temperature is most suitable for the growth of Coprinus comatus silk, the biotransformation rate is quite high, 141% and 152% respectively. The lowest biological efficiency in July and August was only 81%. In order to have a higher yield, the fruiting time is more suitable from September to May of the following year. (iii) Bag culture

Yangqi construction selected high terrain, fertile land, convenient drainage, near water, clean surrounding environment, 150 cm wide, 30 cm deep, unlimited length. After digging well, pour water thoroughly, turn over the bottom of the pit after it is slightly dry, rake it flat, apply compound fertilizer and spray chemicals at the same time, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing diseases and controlling insects. Sowing in bags according to the conventional method, after about 20-25 days, hyphae can grow full of bacteria bags, about 10 days after the bag is full, and then the bags are arranged vertically in the pit. (iv) Effects of oxygen supply

Coprinus comatus belongs to aerobic saprotic bacteria, so it needs a lot of oxygen in its growth process. The practice shows that the oxygen demand of Coprinus comatus is quite different in each stage of its life cycle. The oxygen demand of Coprinus comatus is basically the same as that of Pleurotus ostreatus in the hypha growth stage, but higher than that of Pleurotus ostreatus in the fruiting body growth stage. Suitable oxygen content in air can obviously improve the growth ability of Coprinus comatus, which is due to the suitable oxygen enhanced the ability of hypha decomposition medium, oxygen content is an important factor for Coprinus comatus yield. (v) Lighting

Appropriate illumination can promote hypha growth. The practice showed that when the light intensity was less than 10 lux, the mycelium grew very slowly, and the fruiting was delayed about 7~11 days on average compared with normal conditions. Fruiting bodies also grow very slowly without light stimulation, with an average delay of 5-9 days for harvest, and biological efficiency is average, about 100%. When the light intensity is too strong, if it reaches more than 1500 lux, the growth of hyphae or fruiting body is slower than that below 10 lux. At this time, the fruiting body not only grows slowly, but also has poor quality, dry color and low commercial value. The optimal light intensity is generally 70-800 lux. The coprinus mushroom grown under such illumination has the advantages of fast fruiting, high yield, good quality, and high commodity value, and is not easy to infect miscellaneous bacteria during the growth period. (vi) Soil cover

Because coprinus has the hypha does not contact the soil does not produce the mushroom the characteristic, therefore must cover the soil. The covering material is mixed with 50% pastoral soil, 40% river silt soil, 8% plant ash, and 1~2% lime powder. Finally, it is sprayed with water. The water content is 60~70%. It should be kneaded into a lump and scattered as a limit. The thickness of soil covering is generally 3-5 cm, and the best soil particle size is not more than 2 cm in diameter. If the temperature is about 18~25℃ after coating, a large number of funnels appear in the soil after 10 days, and fruit bodies will form accordingly. (vii) Harvesting

The fruiting body of Coprinus comatus grows up after 7-8 days, and should be harvested in time before the cap is opened. Otherwise, the black spores released after the coprinus comatus matures and opens the umbrella can make its fruiting body autolysis, which will greatly reduce the commercial value of coprinus comatus. Nutrient solution supplement, spraying 500 times of Gaomei liquid fertilizer on the covering layer after the first tide mushroom, spraying 1% compound fertilizer supernatant on the covering layer after the third tide mushroom. Generally, it can increase production by 25-35%. A biological cycle can receive 3-5 tides, and the biological efficiency can reach 150 - 170%.