Introduction and control of loose smut of Kentucky bluegrass

Kentucky bluegrass (Latin name: Poa annua L.), also known as: grass, chicken grass, cold grass, etc.; annual or winter grass. Culms erect or oblique, soft, 7-30 cm tall, all smooth glabrous. Leaf sheath slightly compressed, closed below middle; ligule 1-3 (- 5) mm long, rounded. Born in plain and hilly roadside grasslands, field ditches or shaded barren slope wetlands, 100-4800 meters above sea level, distributed in the north and south provinces of China, Europe, Asia and North America. It is a widespread weed in the world and needs strict management and control.

The main value of POA pratensis

Greening: herbal medicine is a high-quality cold-season lawn grass widely used in temperate zone, and lawn greening has a huge development space in the north. Because of its developed rhizome, strong tillering ability and long green period, it can quickly form a dense and neat lawn. Generally, a single plant can form more than 100 new branches after 3 months, and the area of 60cmx60cm can be expanded after 5 months of growth and reproduction. In a cold winter, no cover can survive the winter. The temperature in temperate zone reached-2 ~ 5 ℃ in December before it withered. It can also withstand the dry and hot summer. 38 ℃ high temperature, can grow well. It turned green in March, withered in mid-December, and the green period reached 9 months. It became the most important grass species in the northern grassland. Green sports grounds, golf courses, parks, roadsides, dams and so on can be built. This species requires a high level of management, has high lawn quality when pruning height 0.5cm, and can be used to cover and sow warm turfgrass in winter in this area.

Forage: this grass is an important grazing grass. It has the advantages of long grazing time, trampling resistance and high nutritional value. From early spring to autumn, it is nutritious and all kinds of livestock like to eat. In the seed milking and green grass stage, horses, cattle and sheep like to eat; in the later stage of maturity, the upper stem and leaf cattle and sheep still like to eat; summer and autumn green grass is the fattening grass for yaks, Tibetan sheep and goats; hay is not only a good forage for livestock, but also a good feed for pigs and poultry. Can also give small parrots such as budgerigar, peony parrot to eat, we can pull a few in their own community, there will generally be a lot of Kentucky bluegrass. But it cannot be used as the main feed.

Medicinal: pharmacological action-hypoglycemic effect: Kentucky bluegrass extract was subcutaneously injected into normal hungry rabbits, the blood glucose was significantly decreased, and the hypoglycemic effect was the most obvious at 3 hours after administration, and the effect was similar to that of insulin. When the extract equivalent to 40g crude drug was injected, the sugar tolerance increased from 40g to 100g, and the effect of increasing glucose tolerance was maintained several days after drug withdrawal. After taking this drug, the urine glucose decreased significantly, but it had no significant effect on the excretion of ketone body in urine. The extract can also accelerate the glycolysis process of yeast, which is similar to the effect of vitamins and may have nothing to do with insulin. Functional indications: lowering blood sugar. Major diabetes.

Introduction and control of loose smut of Kentucky bluegrass

Loose smut is an important disease in Kentucky bluegrass, which occurs widely in various plant areas, affecting the yield and seed quality of Kentucky bluegrass and some other grasses. Symptoms of Kentucky bluegrass smut:

The diseased ear is twisted and deformed, and the ovary is full of black powdery winter spores. The outer skin is easy to break and only one ear axis is left. Pathogen of loose smut of Kentucky bluegrass:

UstilagotrebouxiiH.Syd. It is called Elymus powdery mildew, which belongs to basidiomycetes. The spores are globose to ovate, light olive-brown, with small spines, sometimes smooth, one side is darker and more obvious, 3.5-5 μ m × 3.5-7 μ m. Most of them are 4-5 μ m. In addition to infecting several species of Kentucky bluegrass, it also infects Elymus, Barley, Aegilops, Stipa and Stipa. Characteristics of Kentucky bluegrass smut disease:

The pathogen overwinters with teliospores in the soil or adhering to the seed surface. After germination in the next spring, it invaded the coleoptile of the seedlings, reached the inflorescence with the growth of the plant, and produced spore piles. Under room temperature and dry conditions, the life span of teliospores can be as long as 10 years. Control methods of loose smut of Kentucky bluegrass:

1) breeding and planting disease-resistant varieties according to local conditions.

2) strengthen grassland management. Sowing at the right time, reasonable close planting; scientific fertilizer and water management, improve plant disease resistance, prevent lodging; moderate grazing, timely harvest, remove field diseased and residual tissue after harvest, and reduce the source of bacteria in the coming year.

3) seed treatment. Soak the seeds in warm water with ①. The seeds were soaked in 53-54 ℃ warm water for 10 minutes, and the amount of water was 20 times that of the seeds. After soaking, the seeds were spread out to dry. Seeds were mixed with ② drugs. Seed dressing with Weiruiling (active ingredient 3G seed) and thiram (12g) can effectively control the disease. Carbendan, carbendazim and oxidizuron are also very effective. Commonly used agents such as verapamil, thiram, carbendan, carbendazim, oxidizing wilting