Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of hericium Erinaceus

Hericium Erinaceus (scientific name: Hericium erinaceus; English name: Lion's Mane Mushroom,Bearded Tooth Mushroom), also known as hericium Erinaceus, is only named because it looks like hericium Erinaceus. Hericium Erinaceus, hericium Erinaceus and hericium Erinaceus are Chinese traditional valuable dishes with tender meat, delicious taste and delicious taste. It is one of the four famous dishes (hericium Erinaceus, bear paw, bird's nest and shark's fin). It is known as "Shanzhen hericium Erinaceus, seafood shark's fin". This kind of dentistry fungus, the fungus umbrella surface has furry flesh thorns, about 1-3 cm long, its fruiting body is round and thick, white when fresh, from light yellow to light brown after drying, the base is narrow or slightly short handle, the upper part is dilated, the diameter is 3.5-10 cm, it looks like golden hericium from a distance, it is called "hericium Erinaceus", it is also like hedgehog, so it is also known as "hedgehog". Hericium Erinaceus is a delicious mountain treasure, fresh and tender meat, mellow and delicious, known as "vegetarian meat".

As an ingredient, hericium Erinaceus is a delicious dish. At the same time, hericium Erinaceus is also a medicinal material. The medicine made with hericium Erinaceus is called hericium Erinaceus tablets, which is recorded on page 207 of Volume 15 of the Ministry of Health of the people's Republic of China: "this product is a processed tablet of hericium Erinaceus. It has the effect of nourishing the stomach and middle, and is used in the treatment of stomach, duodenal ulcer and chronic gastritis." In addition, many studies in modern medicine and pharmacology have summarized the medicinal effects of hericium Erinaceus polysaccharides as improving immunity, anti-tumor, anti-aging, reducing blood lipids and other physiological functions.

According to traditional Chinese medicine, hericium Erinaceus has a flat taste, which is beneficial to the five internal organs, aid digestion, nourish the body and so on. Since the 1970s, modern medicine has proved that hericium Erinaceus has good medicinal value. Clinical application shows that hericium Erinaceus can treat dyspepsia, gastric ulcer, gastric sinusitis, stomachache, gastric distension and neurasthenia. If it is mild neurasthenia patients, eating hericium Erinaceus is a better adjuvant therapy. In clinical application, the treatment of hericium Erinaceus for mild or severe neurasthenia can achieve a more significant and ideal effect. In addition, patients should develop better living habits, such as more walking after supper, usually more exercise and so on, which are very helpful to the recovery of symptoms.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of hericium Erinaceus

Diseases and insect pests are often encountered in the production of hericium Erinaceus. Most of them are caused by extensive operation and management, poor environmental hygiene and climatic conditions of high temperature and humidity. The main miscellaneous bacteria are Penicillium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Mucor, Rhizopus and so on. Pests include mites, fungus flies, jumpers and so on.

In addition to strictly sterilizing the culture materials, cleaning the environment and disinfecting the cultivation room, attention should be paid to adjusting the temperature, humidity and ventilation conditions of the cultivation room in the process of cultivation management. When miscellaneous bacteria infection occurs, it should be dealt with in time. When the bottle surface of the bottle is contaminated with miscellaneous bacteria, the part of the miscellaneous bacteria together with the culture material should be dug out in time, filled with new culture material, and re-sterilized and inoculated; if there are a small amount of punctate miscellaneous bacteria on the bottle surface, they should be scalded with alcohol cotton or burnt iron sheet. Then spray 0.2% carbendazim solution to control. Miscellaneous bacteria appear in the local part of the plastic bag. 2% formaldehyde and 5% carbonic acid can be injected into the infected site to control the spread, and the uninfected part can still grow fruit bodies normally. The material bags that seriously pollute miscellaneous bacteria should be removed and burned in time to prevent the spread of spores. Pests are mainly trapped and killed by dichlorvos solution mixed with honey or sweet-and-sour wheat husk, or sprayed with 0.4% trichlorfon and 0.1% fish rattan essence after each batch of fruit body is harvested, or 1% dichlorvos and 0.2% dimethoate can be sprayed on the ground and wall feet to kill pests.

How to identify poisonous wild mushrooms: according to the appearance characteristics of wild bacteria, ① is poisonous with strange shape and bright color; ② is poisonous with thorns, warts, and fungal rings and receptacles on the stalk; ③ stalks (roots) do not produce maggots, insects, birds, and rats and beasts do not eat poisonous; ④ smells foul, sterile, spicy and bitter poisonous. ⑤ bacteria wound discoloration, juice muddy toxic (see green hands, black hands and other common bacteria); ⑥ grows in dark, wet and dirty places sometimes poisonous; ⑦ and onions, garlic, rice, silverware, wick co-cooking shows black poison, and so on. Practice has proved that these experiences are not absolute, because many edible fungi and poisonous fungi are very similar, and some edible wild fungi also appear these phenomena. Experts pointed out that identifying poisonous fungi and edible fungi according to traditional experiences and methods is also the cause of accidental poisoning. Therefore, it is best for citizens not to eat wild mushrooms. If poisonous wild bacteria are accidentally eaten and poisoning occurs, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mania, numbness of limbs, dyspnea, loss of state of crying and laughing, etc., first aid measures should be taken immediately and sent to the nearest hospital for diagnosis and treatment, the earlier the treatment, the lower the death rate. Vomiting, gastric lavage, catharsis and enema are the main measures to reduce the disease and mortality.