Pennisetum planting technology, hybrid Pennisetum planting method

Hybrid Pennisetum equisetum is a triploid hybrid produced by mating diploid pennisetum and tetraploid elephant grass. Its offspring are not fruitful and are usually propagated by hybrid seeds or asexual reproduction in production. This variety is a tropical forage, which is planted in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. it generally produces 150000 kg/ hectares of fresh grass with high crude protein content and balanced amino acid content. It is a high quality feed for livestock and fish. The planting area has developed rapidly in recent years.

Planting technique of Pennisetum equisetum

Warm and humid climate, like the deep and fertile clayey soil. Planting in spring, planting with mature stalks or ramet seedlings according to row spacing 60cm, plant spacing 30~40cm. After 60-70 days, the plant height can be cut up to 1-1.5 m, and it can be cut 4-7 times in the whole year, and the fresh grass yield is 75~150t/ ha. It has strong palatability and is a high-quality green feed for herbivorous livestock and herbivorous fish. Pennisetum equisetum is the summer forage grass with the highest yield recommended by animal husbandry experts in Huaibei area. it has the characteristics of high quality and high yield, strong regeneration ability, can be cut many times without diseases and insect pests, and herbivores such as sheep, cattle, rabbits, geese and fish like to feed fresh or silage. Under good water and fertilizer conditions, the yield can reach 1-15000 kg.

I. main characteristics and fertility characteristics

The plant height of hybrid pennisetum is about 3.5 meters, and the number of tillers per plant can reach more than 20. After cutting, the number of tillers increases obviously. Hybrids are triploid and generally do not bear fruit.

Hybrid pennisetum prefers warm and humid climate, and begins to grow when the daily average temperature is more than 15 ℃. It grows fastest when the daily average temperature is more than 15 ℃, and the growth is obviously inhibited when the temperature is lower than 10 ℃. In the area south of 28 degrees north latitude in China, it can survive the winter naturally for perennial use. The grass is not strict with the soil, and the clayey soil with deep soil layer and good water retention is suitable. Hybrid pennisetum has strong roots, lodging resistance, drought resistance and moisture tolerance; no diseases and insect pests; salt tolerance, soil chlorine content of 0.3%, still grow well.

2. Cultivation techniques

The root system of hybrid pennisetum is well developed, the depth of happy soil layer is 2, and the tillage depth is 30 cm. Seed propagation can raise seedlings first. The seedbed should be carefully prepared and sown around the end of March in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Sowing 1.5-2 kg per mu of seedling bed, using thin strip sowing, row spacing 15-18 cm. The seeds were mixed with carbofuran to prevent underground pests. After sowing, a plastic film was set up to cover the seeds. The nursery bed temperature should be controlled at 20-25 ℃, and the soil moisture should be maintained after sowing to ensure the whole seedling. When the seedlings grow 3-4 leaves, chemical fertilizer can be applied once, about 2-3 kg urea per mu. When the seedlings grow to 6-8 leaves, they can be transplanted to the field with a planting density of 30 × 60 cm with a row spacing of about 3000 plants per mu. One mu of seedlings can be planted in 30-40 mu of field.

Only under the condition of high nitrogen fertilizer can hybrid pennisetum give full play to its production potential. The experiment shows that in the middle and lower fertility soil, applying more than 20 kg of pure nitrogen (chemical fertilizer) or more than 1000 kg of organic fertilizer (barnyard manure) per mu, coupled with an appropriate amount of scale chemical fertilizer as topdressing, can achieve a greater yield-increasing effect. During the period of cutting and utilization, chemical fertilizer was applied as topdressing fertilizer in order to promote regeneration. Calcium superphosphate is 15-20 kg per mu of base fertilizer in phosphorus-deficient soil. After each cutting, topdressing was carried out in time, and 10 kg urea per mu was applied. Hybrid pennisetum has a certain sensitivity to zinc, zinc deficiency will appear leaf whitening, zinc deficiency phenomenon can be sprayed 0.05-0.1% zinc sulfate solution, once every 7-10 days, spray 2-3 times.

III. Feeding value

Hybrid pennisetum has a long period of grass supply, and fresh grass can be supplied from early June to the end of October. The fresh yield per mu can reach 10,000 kg in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The crude protein content of hay is 9.95%. It can be cut or silage. When green cutting is fed to herbivorous livestock, when the plant height is about 1.3 meters, the palatability is good, and it can be cut 4-5 times a year. Used as green fodder for rabbits, geese and other small-rate birds or fish, when the height of the ground plant is 70-100 cm, most of the leaves are tender and delicious, generally cutting 8-10 times a year. According to the fish culture experiment: every 25kg fresh grass can produce 1.5kg fresh fish. It can also be used as green fodder for pigs.

The silage prepared by hybrid pennisetum has good color, aroma and taste. As the hybrid pennisetum grows to the later stage, the stem is relatively hard, so it can be cut once in the spring bamboo shoots for silage, and then reserved for silage.

Pennisetum action

Hybrid pennisetum has soft stems and leaves and good palatability. Herbivorous livestock and fish are fond of feeding. The nutritional value of hybrid pennisetum is high. When the vegetative growth period plant is 1.2m high, the stem and leaf dry matter contains 10% crude protein, 3.5% crude fat, 32.9% crude fiber, 42.4% nitrogen-free extract and 10.2% crude ash. At the same time, it is also a high-quality green feed for herbivorous poultry and herbivorous fish. The peak of grass production was consistent with that of fish, and the crude egg digestibility of grass carp to hybrid pennisetum was 82.71%. For example, it is used as green fodder for raising cattle and sheep. 5-6 times a year, it is used as feed for livestock and poultry such as fish, goose, pig, etc., cutting 8-10 times a year. In addition to green cutting, you can also make hay or prepare silage. The grass supply period from June to October plays a certain role in alleviating the contradiction of high temperature and lack of green feeding in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in summer.

Efficacy and function of Pennisetum equisetum

1. Pennisetum reduces soil and water loss.

Pennisetum has strong vitality, is a perennial wild herb, its root system is very developed, can be deeply rooted in the soil, can reduce soil erosion, and has great benefits to the protection of ecological balance.

2. Pennisetum can make paper.

Pennisetum is also an important industrial raw material, it can be used to make paper after harvest, can also be used to weave some handicrafts, its toughness is very strong, the handicrafts made are exquisite and not easy to deform. In addition, planting it on some riverside dikes can also play an important role in strengthening dikes and preventing sand.

3. The medicinal effect of Pennisetum equisetum.

The whole grass of Pennisetum can be used as medicine, and it is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine with excellent efficacy. It can clear the lungs and relieve cough and cool the blood and clear the eye. it is usually used in the treatment of diseases such as human lung heat, cough and eye swelling, and can be taken after frying it with water. the dosage should be between 9 and 15 grams.

Growth habits of Pennisetum equisetum

Hybrids are often propagated by stems or ramets. The parents of Pennisetum americanum and elephant steppe are native to tropical Africa, and the hybrid generation is mainly cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In China, it is mainly cultivated in Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and other provinces (regions). It can survive the winter naturally in South China, while in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, it is necessary to move into the greenhouse to protect the seedlings. Like warm and humid climate, like deep and fertile clayey soil.

Hybrid pennisetum has soft stems and leaves and good palatability. Herbivorous livestock and fish are fond of feeding. The nutritional value is high. When the vegetative growth period plant is 1.2 meters high, the stem and leaf dry matter contains 10% crude protein, 3.5% crude fat, 32.9% crude fiber, 42.4% nitrogen-free extract and 10.2% crude ash. At the same time, it is also a high-quality green feed for herbivorous poultry and herbivorous fish. The peak of grass production was consistent with that of fish, and the crude egg digestibility of grass carp to hybrid pennisetum was 82.71%.

When it comes to Pennisetum, maybe many people don't know much about it. In fact, Pennisetum has many effects. It can be used as medicine, and it is a kind of valuable Chinese herbal medicine. Moreover, Pennisetum has strong vitality and is easy to grow. Its root system is very developed and plays a very good role in protecting the environment.