How to cultivate plastic film watermelon with high yield

Now most of the watermelons on the market are plastic film watermelons, so how to prevent premature senility? What should be paid attention to in fertilizing?

High-yield cultivation techniques of watermelon covered with plastic film

First, select improved varieties.

According to the demand of the market and the characteristics of soil and climate in our county, varieties with high yield, high quality and strong resistance were selected, such as Xinong 9, Zhonghua Guobao, Kenong 9, disease resistance plus agriculture, Shinong Bawang and so on.

Second, soil preparation and fertilization.

Select fields or plots with fertile soil, deep soil layer, loose soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, and previous crops that have not been planted with melons. Deep ploughing is required when preparing the soil, and it is necessary to plough evenly and rake fine. When ploughing, the combined application of farm manure 2000ml 2500kg, calcium superphosphate 50kg, compound fertilizer 30kg as base fertilizer.

Third, sowing and reasonable close planting

1. Sow seeds. Dry seed direct seeding is generally used in watermelon sowing.

2. Reasonable close planting and covering film. It is required to manage the soil moisture, the soil moisture width is 200 cm, the ditch width is 30 mi 40 cm, 1 row per soil moisture, 240 cm between rows, 40 mi 60 cm between ponds, 400 mi 600 ponds per mu, and the plastic film after planting requires tension and compaction around to prevent air leakage and being blown away by the wind.

IV. Field management

1. Rupture of membrane. After watermelon emergence, the membrane should be broken in time to prevent the emergence of burning seedlings, the membrane mouth should not be too large when breaking the film, carefully pull out the seedlings, and seal the film mouth with fine soil.

2. Watering and topdressing. Watermelon has fast growth, large fruit and large amount of fertilizer and water. During the whole growth period, it is necessary to keep the soil dry and wet, generally topdressing for 3 times. For the first time, 10 kg of urea and 10 kg of superphosphate were applied to melon seedlings with 4 leaves per mu; the second time, when the vine was 20 cm long, 25 kg of ternary compound fertilizer (15:15:15) was applied to promote stem elongation; and the third time, when the young melon grew to the size of duck eggs, 30 kg of ternary compound fertilizer was applied per mu or 15 kg of urea, 40 kg of calcium superphosphate and 30 kg of potassium sulfate.

3. Pruning and keeping melons. When the main vine grows to more than 30 cm, choose 3 strong lateral vines at the base, and remove all the rest; leave a normal melon on each branch. When the melon is basically long, the sun should be turned two to three times, so that the melon surface is evenly lit, the color is the same, the melon type is correct, and the yield and quality are improved.

What should be paid attention to when applying fertilizer to watermelon covered with plastic film?

First, do not apply a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer alone. Watermelon fertilization should pay special attention to the combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, if a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer is applied alone, the plant is very easy to grow, which is not conducive to flowering melon and fruit development; second, do not apply chlorine-containing fertilizer. Watermelon is a chlorine-free crop, the application of chlorine-containing fertilizer will reflect the accumulation of sugar and lighten the taste of watermelon; third, do not apply fertilizer in the topsoil layer. Watermelon topdressing should pay attention to deep application, timely cover soil, especially nitrogen fertilizer, if surface application, nitrogen is easy to volatilize to produce ammonia, harm leaves, and reduce fertilizer efficiency at the same time; fourth, do not apply fertilizer on rainy days. In cloudy and rainy days, with high air humidity and high soil water content, fertilization is not only easy to lose fertilizer, but also easy to cause watermelon to grow; fifth, do not fertilize the site too close to the root. The fertilization position of watermelon is generally required to be about 10cm from the main root, and it is easy to burn roots if it is too close; sixth, do not topdressing during drought. When the weather is dry and the soil water content is low, the application of chemical fertilizer will make the cytoplasmic solution of root cells permeate outward, resulting in the physiological lack of water and death of the plant.