How to carry out large-scale planting of Dendrobium candidum?

Dendrobium candidum (scientific name: Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo): stem erect, cylindrical, 9-35 cm long, 2-4 mm thick, unbranched, with many nodes; leaves distichous, papery, oblong-lanceolate, margins and middle ribs often lavender. Racemes often emanate from the upper part of the leafy old stem, with 2-3 flowers; floral bracts scarious, pale white, ovate, 5-7 mm long, sepals and petals yellowish green, nearly similar, oblong-lanceolate, lip white, base with a green or yellow callus, ovate-lanceolate, slightly shorter than sepals, reflexed in middle. Core column yellowish green, ca. 3 mm, with 1 purple spot on each side of apex; cap white, long ovate-triangular, ca. 2.3 mm, apex subacute and 2-lobed. The florescence is from March to June.

Because Dendrobium candidum has good pharmacological effects, wild Dendrobium candidum has been excessively excavated by local villagers for a long time, and the growth cycle of wild Dendrobium candidum is longer, therefore, relying on simple natural growth of Dendrobium candidum can not meet the needs of the social market, so it is particularly important to adopt batch planting, and its planting technology has been paid more attention by all sectors of the community.

How to carry out large-scale planting of Dendrobium candidum?

Selection of planting materials

If you want to plant Dendrobium candidum in batches, the choice of planting materials can not be sudden. The choice of planting materials is directly determined by the normal growth of Dendrobium candidum. In general, the mass cultivation of Dendrobium candidum is mainly based on tissue culture seedlings, and the proliferation culture algebra should be selected in the 6th and 8th generations, so that the crops of future generations can grow better and improve the quality of the products.

There are corresponding index parameters for tissue culture seedlings of Dendrobium candidum, such as high quality: crop height is more than 5 cm, crop leaf number is more than 4, crop stem diameter is more than 0.3 cm, crop root number is mainly 3-5, and crop leaf color is dark green. Qualified quality: crop height is about 2 cm, crop leaf number is 2 cm, crop stem diameter is more than 0.2 cm, crop root number is mainly 2 to 3, crop leaf color is light green.

Planting substrate selection

Dendrobium candidum is one of the varieties of Orchidaceae, which mainly depends on the absorption of water and inorganic substances by hyphae, and collects organic nutrients such as glucose and amino acids through organic combination with symbiotic hyphae, such as moss and bark. Due to the unique growth mode of Dendrobium candidum, there are strict conditions for the growth matrix. If the planting substrate is not selected properly, it may affect the healthy growth of Dendrobium candidum and may lead to the death of all Dendrobium candidum.

At present, there are many choices of substrates, and different combinations make crops have different quality. Among them, the following kinds all have corresponding planting effects:

The first combination is peat soil and coconut bran.

The second combination is wood blocks and moss.

The third combination is sawdust and pine bark.

As the three combinations of the following substrates have their own characteristics, on the basis of attracting their advantages, and combined with the local conditions, we choose the best substrate for the growth of Dendrobium candidum. Using the ratio of 5 ∶ 3 ∶ 2 to pine bark plus coconut bran and peat soil, the best thickness of the mixed substrate is 10: 15 cm after a series of treatments (such as composting, boiling and high temperature disinfection, etc.).

Planting management

1. Fertilization management

After Dendrobium candidum is planted, the planting management in the later stage is also important. Fertilization management, as an indispensable step in the later growth of Dendrobium candidum, mainly adopts the combination of organic minerals and foliar spraying, waiting for the crop to sprout and grow leaves, and the leaves turn green gradually. Part of the new roots of crops may be exposed to the atmosphere and need to be covered with substrates. At the same time, semi-rotten cow dung can be used to fertilize crops at this stage.

At present, the main fertilization process is roughly as follows: first of all, spraying foliar fertilizer is used, mainly for the crops after 7 days of planting; then, according to the actual situation of the crop, about 50~100kg/667 m ²is the best; in mid-late October, applying potassium dihydrogen phosphate once, about 20 kg/667 m ²is more suitable; to the beginning of the coming spring, another application of farm manure, with 50~100kg/667 m ²being the most suitable.

two。 Pest control

Dendrobium candidum is often attacked by diseases and insect pests in the process of growth. therefore, correct and timely control can reduce the damage of diseases and insect pests to crops. Dendrobium candidum mainly has the following diseases: root rot, black spot and anthracnose. Different control measures are taken for different diseases. Such as root rot, which mainly occurs in the rainy season, first causing the root to rot, and then slowly causing the upper part to wither; the corresponding control method: soak the species with 25% carbendazim 100 times wettable powder for an appropriate time before planting the crop.

Black spot is mainly prevalent in the low temperature and rainy season, and its main harm lies in the leaves and petioles of crops, which can wither the leaves; the corresponding control methods: 51% carbendazim 1000 times solution is used to spray Dendrobium candidum, in general, spraying 1 times twice can basically control. The main harm of anthracnose lies in the leaves and fleshy stems, the leaves are black at the beginning, and then slowly scorch and fall off the whole leaves in the later stage, resulting in the death of crops; the corresponding control methods: in the initial stage of the disease, it can be removed by pruning, or 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 200x Bordeaux solution can be used to control crops.

Harvest

The best harvest time of Dendrobium candidum is about 2-3 years after planting, and the most suitable harvest time is 3 years. In general, the principle of harvesting is to "remove three and leave two", that is, Dendrobium candidum is harvested in the stem of 3 years or more, and the stem of less than 3 years is reserved for later reproduction and growth. After harvest, attention should be paid to timely spraying protective fungicides to prevent the occurrence of diseases.