Planting techniques of Sugar Orange

Cultivation of Sugar Orange: soil Management

We should do a good job in deep turning and expanding holes and ripening the soil, prohibit the planting of tall plants such as corn and wheat in the garden, and do a good job in rational intercropping and weeding in the orchard. It is required that the soil layer is deep (60 degrees) and fertile, the soil ph value is 5.5-7.0, and the slope of the orchard is less than 25 degrees. When planning the garden, there shall be necessary roads, drainage and irrigation, water storage and ancillary construction facilities. In specific planning, we should concentrate as much as possible and build gardens in places with good transportation and water sources.

Cultivation of Sugar Orange: fertilizer and Water Management

Moisture: irrigation when the soil is dry and drainage when stagnant water. Plastic surgery and pruning 1. Principle. According to local conditions, tree pruning, proper promotion and suppression, ventilation and light transmission, three-dimensional results.

Principles of fertilization: blood orange should fully meet the needs of various nutrient elements, promote the application of more organic fertilizer, rational application of inorganic fertilizer and formula fertilizer. Fertilization was guided according to the results of leaf analysis, orchard soil analysis and blood orange phenology.

Fertilization method: mainly based on soil fertilization, combined with foliar fertilization. The methods of ring ditch application, furrow application, hole application and soil surface fertilizer application were adopted.

Fertilization for young trees: frequent application of thin fertilizer, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 5-6 times in spring, summer and autumn shoot emergence period, (3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 12 months, 0.4 jin of ammonium bicarbonate or 0.2 jin of urea per plant. The annual application of pure nitrogen per young tree for 1-3 years is 100-400g, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1.0: (0.4-0.5): 1.0. Adult trees should be fertilized for four times, that is, sprouting fertilizer, fruit protection fertilizer, strong fruit fertilizer and fruit picking fertilizer. Generally speaking, the amount of fertilizer applied is 2-3 jin chemical fertilizer, 1 load of dung water, 1-2 jin phosphate-potassium fertilizer + 1-2 jin chemical fertilizer, 1-2 jin chemical fertilizer + 1-2 jin phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, and 50-100 jin organic fertilizer + 1-2 jin chemical fertilizer.

Planting Sugar Orange: planning of the Park

Soil digging planting holes: drawing wire and fixed distance, digging planting holes, each 80cm of depth and width, then pressing green manure 50cm deep, backfill soil 40cm high planting; field ridge planting: 8 meters with trench (groove width 60-80 60cm, depth 40-30cm), 2 ridges per box (ridge width 1.5 m, ridge center distance 4 m, ridge height 20-30cm). When planting, the root system of the seedling is appropriately trimmed and placed in the center of the planting hole to stretch the root system and straighten it. While filling the soil, the seedling is raised gently and firmly, so that the root system is closely connected with the soil. Pour enough water on the roots, make a 1m plate around the seedlings and cover it with bran shells.

Cultivation of Sugar Orange: shaping and pruning

Pruning

(1) Young trees: light pruning is dominant. After the elongated branches in the center of the class and the main branches and secondary branches were selected, the elongated branches were cut moderately or severely, and the growth balance among the main branches was adjusted by the degree of truncation and the direction of cutting buds. Except for the proper thinning and deletion of over-dense branches, the inner bore branches and the weaker branches in the middle and lower part of the crown should generally be retained.

(2) early fruiting stage: continue to select short-cut treatment of all levels of backbone extension branches, erase summer shoots and promote strong autumn shoots. Measures such as ring cutting, root cutting and water control are adopted to promote flowers for prosperous trees in autumn.

(3) full fruit period: timely retraction of fruiting branch group, falling flower fruiting branch group and declining branch group, cutting off light-blocking branches, withered branches, disease and insect branches.

Shaping

The dry height is 20-40cm, the main branches (3-4 branches) are scattered on the trunk, the angle of the main branches is 30 °- 50 °, and there are 2-3 secondary branches on each main branch. Generally speaking, after the formation of the third main branch, the central trunk of the class is cut off and twisted to one side as the fruiting branch group.

Planting of Sugar Orange: harvest

The harvest time is determined according to the maturity, use and market needs of citrus fruits. It is not suitable to pick fruit on rainy days and when the dew is not dry. Fruit pickers should wear gloves, use round-headed fruit scissors to cut off the fruit together with the fruit stalk, then cut the pedicel and handle it gently. The fruit is picked from outside to inside and from top to bottom. It is required that the inner wall of all fruit containers is smooth, and the harvested fruit should be transported to the packing yard or storage in time. Avoid the sun and rain.