Seedling Techniques of Passion Fruit

Passion fruit, a herbaceous vine of passionflower family, ca. 6 m long; stems pinstriate, glabrous; petals 5, as long as sepals; base light green, middle purple, apical white, berries ovoid, 3-4 cm in diam., glabrous, purple when ripe; seeds numerous, ovate. Flowering in June, fruiting in November.

Escaped in the valley jungle at an altitude of 180-1900 meters. It is native to the Antilles and is widely planted in tropical and subtropical regions. There are mainly two categories: purple fruit and yellow fruit. The plant life is about 20 years, and the economic life is generally 8 to 10 years.

The fruit can be eaten raw or used as vegetable or feed. The medicine has the effect of excitement and strength. The pulp is juicy and can be made into fragrant and delicious drinks by adding calcium bicarbonate and sugar. it can also be added to other beverages to improve the quality of the drinks. Seed oil can be used for food, soap, paint, etc. The flowers are large and beautiful, without fragrance, and can be used as ornamental plants in the garden. In other parts of China, egg fruit is known as "king of fruit juice", "cash cow" and so on.

1. Bare root seedling raising technique

1. Seed selection

In the fruit ripening period, the fully mature, large, juicy, thin-skinned, disease-free and insect-free fruits are selected from the excellent mother plants, and the seeds are washed and dried as seedling materials. The seedling emergence rate of the seeds in the same year is high, up to more than 95%. The seedling time is generally from September to May of the following year.

2. Arrangement of nursery

The soil was deeply turned and exposed to the sun for 5 to 7 days. Rake fine border, 20 cm high and 80 cm 100 cm wide. Leave a path 40 square centimeters wide between the borders. Remove stones, roots and other sundries from the garden. Apply 7.5 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer or calcium superphosphate to every 100 square meters of nursery during border management. And fully mix with the topsoil to smooth the border surface.

3. Seed treatment

Soak the seeds in water for 2 to 3 days and wash off the outer colloid by hand. Each kilogram of seeds was mixed with 10 grams of carbendazim or methyl thiophanate, and the seeds could be sown after 20 minutes.

4. Seed germination

The budding bed is the same as the nursery. After the budding bed is finished, the seeds are evenly scattered on the seedling bed, covering a layer of 1cm to 2cm fine river sand. Cover another layer of grass of 5 centimeters. Fully watered. Around the sprouting bed, a plastic sheet is used to form a cloth wall, which is 60 cm high and moisturizes and protects against rats. Build a shade shed or install a shading net to maintain 40% to 50% shade. Water was watered every 3 days after sowing, the shade shed was opened and ventilated for 1 day, and the shed was sealed at 7:00 in the afternoon. After 7-10 days, the seeds moved in the shade, and some of them were unearthed. At this time, cover grass and plastic sheeting walls were removed.

5. Transplanting

Before transplanting, the nursery should cover the shading net or set up a shade shed to maintain a shade of 10% to 50%. When the seedling grows to the stability of the cotyledons, it can be transplanted from the budding bed. Before transplanting, the seedlings should be watered thoroughly to facilitate the emergence of seedlings, and attention should be paid to maintaining the root system. The transplanting depth is the budding depth of the seedlings. The seedlings are planted as they are taken. Pour enough water on the roots after transplanting.

6. Nursery management

Water every 2 days after transplanting to keep the nursery moist. Remove weeds in the garden and spray 15kg of water plus 15ml of dichlorvos and 15g of methyl topiramate every 15 days to prevent and cure early disease. Within 10 days after transplanting, missing plants were found and replanted in time. After the seedlings grow two true leaves, nitrogen and phosphorus can be applied thinly and sprayed with 0.1% urea and 0.2% potassium diammonium phosphate solution, once every 7 days, to promote the good growth of seedlings.

7. Come out of the nursery

After 60-80 days of seedling growth, the stem diameter can reach 0.3-0.5 cm and the height can reach 30-40 cm. Gradually reduce the shade of the nursery 20 days before leaving the nursery, or remove the shading net 10 days before leaving the nursery to exercise the seedlings. Before the emergence of seedlings, the seedling bed should be watered thoroughly to facilitate the emergence of seedlings. Cut off part of the leaves (usually 1/3) and overgrown roots in time after seedling emergence, and pulp roots in time to facilitate transportation and ensure the survival rate of planting.

2. Seedling raising techniques of bagged seedlings

1. Seed selection

The techniques of seed treatment, seed use, nursery establishment, seed germination, transplanting, nursery management, coming out of the nursery and bare root seedlings are the same.

2. Nursery arrangement

Remove weeds and stones from the nursery to make the nursery clean and smooth. Nursery bed width 100 cm, concave 3-5 cm, leaving 40 cm wide path in the middle, dig ditches around the nursery to avoid stagnant water in the nursery.

3. Selecting soil, tightening bags and arranging bags

Fertile loam is selected for nutritious soil. 1000 seedlings should be evenly mixed with 7.5kg calcium superphosphate or calcium magnesium fertilizer and filled with nutritious soil when the bag is tight. Packed nutrition bags should be neatly arranged in the seedbed, 15 bags in each row. After the arrangement, use the soil to compact the surrounding area.

4. Transplanting

The seedlings coming out of the nursery are basically the same as the bare-root seedlings, but the bagged seedlings can be transplanted when the seeds germinate and expose cotyledons. When the seedlings grow to 4 or 5 true leaves in the nursery, they can be planted out of the nursery.