Culture techniques of traditional Chinese Medicine plants of Ligusticum chuanxiong

Ligusticum chuanxiong is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine plant, which grows in a mild climate. Commonly used in promoting blood circulation and qi, dispelling wind and relieving pain, activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis has a wide range of effects, suitable for blood stasis to block various diseases; dispelling wind and relieving pain, the effect is very good, can treat headache, rheumatism and other symptoms. Let's take a look at the culture techniques of Ligusticum chuanxiong.

Growth environment of Ligusticum chuanxiong

Ligusticum chuanxiong likes the mild climate, abundant rainfall, sufficient sunshine and humid environment. However, cold climatic conditions are required in the cultivation stage and storage period of Ligusticum chuanxiong Ling. The growth period is 280-290 days. In Pingba area, sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil, good drainage, rich organic matter, neutral or slightly acidic sandy loam should be selected.

Propagation methods of Ligusticum chuanxiong

Ligusticum chuanxiong was planted with stem node (Xionglingzi). After withering on the ground every year, Ligusticum chuanxiong was dug up, and the stem nodes above the roots were cut off, with 1-2 buds per node and about 2250 kg of seeds per hectare, and the large rhizomes below were processed into commodities. The seedlings were planted before they were stung the following year. The depth of the planting ditch was 12-16 cm, the row spacing was 20-25 cm * 35 cm, 1-2 seedlings were placed in each hole, the bud tip was upward, the fine soil was covered with 6 cm, and the base fertilizer was 15000-22500 kg per hectare.

Cultivation techniques of Ligusticum chuanxiong

Land selection and preparation

Choose cool mountain Yangshan, or low mountain semi-overcast semi-sunny mountain wasteland or clay loam. Before planting, remove weeds, reclaim and refine the mountain, dig loose soil 30 centimeters, and make a bed 1.5 meters wide.

Select land for land preparation and cultivate breeding materials in mountainous areas, remove weeds after land selection, burn ash on the spot as base fertilizer, the cultivated land is about 25 cm deep, rake fine and level, and make a border 1.7-1.8 meters wide according to topography and drainage conditions. Cultivated in Pingba area, the former cropping is mostly early rice (the first crop of early rice had better be green manure such as vetch and Ziyunying). After harvest, the rice pile was shoveled and ditched for border, the width of the border was about 1.6 meters, the width of the ditch was 33 cm, and the depth was about 25 cm. It is best to spread the border surface with compost or stable manure and mix it with the topsoil when digging.

Planting should be carried out before and after the Beginning of Autumn, no later than the end of August. Early, the seedlings are easy to wither under the influence of high temperature; too late, the temperature has dropped, which is disadvantageous to the growth of rhizomes. Planting should be carried out on a sunny day, and it is better to finish planting on the same day. Before planting, Ligusticum chuanxiong with no buds or damaged buds, stem nodes bitten by insects, nodes with worms or germinated buds should be removed. Then, it was planted according to the size of Ligusticum chuanxiong. When planting, open a shallow trench horizontally on the border surface, with a row spacing of 30-40 cm and a depth of about 3 cm. Then, according to the plant distance of 17-20 cm, put Chuanxiong obliquely into the ditch, press the bud head upward and gently press it, the planting should not be too deep or too shallow, and half of it should be exposed on the soil surface. At the same time, two Ligusticum chuanxiong should be planted at each end of the row, and another row of Ling should be planted every 10 rows for seedling replenishment. After planting, the node plate of Ligusticum chuanxiong was covered with fine soil manure or fire soil ash mixed compost. Finally, cover the border with a layer of straw to avoid direct sunlight and Rain Water erosion. Ligusticum chuanxiong 30-40 kg per mu.

Field management

Weeding in the middle tillage is usually carried out for 4 times. For the first time, after finishing the seedlings in late August, hoe once; after 20 days, the second intertillage and weeding should be carried out, the soil should be loosened shallowly, and the roots should not be hurt; the third weeding should be carried out every 20 days, when the underground rhizome is in full bloom, only weeds should be pulled out, not middle tillage. The fourth time was carried out in the middle and late January of the following year when the local upper stems and leaves began to wither and yellow, first clear the withered stems and leaves in the field, not medium ploughing and weeding, and cultivate soil around the root mark to facilitate the rhizome to survive the winter safely. This time, the medicine farmers in the producing areas are called "yangdong medicine".

In the same year and the second year after planting Ligusticum chuanxiong with reasonable fertilization, the local upper stems and leaves grow vigorously and form a certain nutritional area, and when a large amount of dry matter is produced, nutrients can be transported to the underground rhizome to promote its growth and development. Therefore, it is necessary to concentrate topdressing for 3 times within two months after planting, which can be combined with ploughing and weeding. For the first time, 1000-1500 kg of human and animal manure and 25-50 kg of rotten cake fertilizer were applied per mu, diluted with 3 times of water, and evenly applied in holes; for the second time, 1500-2000 kg of human and animal manure and 30-50 kg of rotten cake fertilizer per mu were diluted with 2 times water. For the third time, 2000-2500 kg of human and animal manure was applied per mu, diluted with 1 times of water, and then mixed with cake fertilizer, fire soil ash, compost and soil manure to form dry fertilizer. The time is appropriate before Frosts Descent, too late, organic fertilizer is not easy to decompose, fertilizer efficiency is not high. In January of the following year, combined with soil cultivation, dry manure was applied again, and after turning green from February to March, dilute human and animal manure water was applied again to promote growth and development and increase yield.

Harvest and processing

The harvest of Lesser Fullness of Grain in the second year after planting 4-5 days is the most suitable period. The harvest is usually from Lesser Fullness of Grain to Grain in Beard. Early harvest, the underground rhizome has not yet been enriched, the yield is low, affecting the income of growers; too late harvest, the rhizome has been mature, perishable in the ground, but also led to a reduction in yield, directly affecting the income of growers. When harvesting, dig up the whole plant on a sunny day, pick off the stems and leaves, remove the soil, and transport the roots and stems back to processing after a little sun in the field.

After timely processing and receiving, it should be dried in time, usually with a hot Kang. Firepower should not be too large, the Kang should be turned up and down once a day, after 2-3 days, send out a strong aroma, put into the bamboo basket shake, remove sediment and fibrous roots, that is to become a commodity. The drying rate is about 30-35%.

Pest control of Ligusticum chuanxiong

Disease

Leaf blight

Most of them occur from May to July. During the onset of the disease, brown and irregular spots appeared in the leaves, and then spread to the whole leaves, resulting in the death of the leaves of the whole plant.

Prevention and treatment methods: spray 65% Dysen zinc solution at the initial stage of the disease, or 1000 times solution of 50% acetaminophen, or 100 Bordeaux solution. Once every 10 days, 3-4 times in a row.

Powdery mildew

From late June to July, the disease was serious when the temperature and humidity was high. First, the disease occurred in the lower leaves, the gray white powder appeared on the leaves and stems, and then gradually spread upward. In the later stage, black spots appeared in the disease part, and in serious cases, the stems and leaves turned yellow and withered.

Control methods: after ① harvest, clean up the fields and burn the diseased leaves of the residual plants; at the initial stage of the onset of ②, spray with 1500 times solution of 25% strychnine or 1000 times solution of 50% topiramate, once every 10 days, 2-3 times in succession.

Root rot

Occurs in the growing period and harvest, the internal rot of the rhizome is yellowish brown, showing a swimming shape, with a special stench, into a soft rot. After the damage in the growing period, the aboveground leaves gradually turned yellow and fell off.

Prevention and treatment methods: immediately after the occurrence of ①, pull out the diseased plants and concentrate on burning to prevent spread; ② pay attention to drainage, especially in the rainy season, too much Rain Water, poor drainage, serious disease; ③ in the harvest and seed selection, to eliminate the diseased "Lingzi" and the rotten "Lingzi".

Insect pest

Rhizoma Chuanxiong stem node moth

In the breeding stage, 80% trichlorfon was sprayed with 100-150 times aqueous solution, and attention was paid to the control of the first generation of pre-second instar larvae. in the plain area, tobacco tendons, maple poplar leaves and water were used to soak the seeds for 12-24 hours after soaking for several days.