New planting techniques of jackfruit

Jackfruit is an evergreen tree belonging to jackfruit of Moraceae, also known as Rosa chinensis and Artemisia mandshurica. It is an excellent fruit tree with fruit, trees, grain and ornamental. Hainan is the main planting area, and it is also cultivated in Fujian, Yunnan, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places.

I. Garden site selection

Night radish requires plenty of sunshine, but it is quite shady, and the seedlings avoid strong sunlight, so they can be interplanted with litchi, longan, yellow peel, banana and plantain, properly and reasonably close planting and leaving more nutritious shoots. The demand for soil is not high, but the fertile, moist and deep soil is the best.

2. Propagation of seedlings

Seed reproduction is dominant in all parts of the country. In the main ripening stage, the dried wrapped fruits with full maturity, normal fruit development and free of diseases and insect pests were selected, washed with clean water, then spread on the sand bed to accelerate germination, and covered with fine sand 1cm above the sand bed, then covered with a layer of straw, drenched with water once or twice a day, sprouted and rooting in succession after about a week, and then transplanted in separate beds when the seedlings had 1 or 2 true leaves. When transplanting in separate beds, the main roots are cut short, and the roots are dipped in 50 mg / kg rooting powder solution. It is best to raise seedlings directly in nutrition bags, 25 cm by 35 cm in plastic bags, and the nutritious soil is made by mixing cow dung and topsoil at 3:7.

III. Establishment of a garden

(1) Reclamation, digging holes and applying basic fertilizer to level the ground or in 5. The following gentle slopes are ploughed once and then leveled. The hilly land opens a good ring mountain line or terraced fields according to the contour line, with a width of 1.5 to 2.5 meters. Generally according to the plant spacing of 5 meters 6 meters, row spacing 6 meters, planting 225,330 plants per hectare. Dig holes of 0.8 to 1.0 meters in length, width and depth. When digging holes, the topsoil is stacked separately from the subsoil. Return to the soil 1-2 months before planting, first apply topsoil to the lowest layer, then put weeds, branches and leaves and lime 0.5 kg mixed, then cover 1 layer of topsoil, release pond mud, livestock manure 50 kg and phosphate fertilizer 0.5 kg, and then cover 1 layer of topsoil 20 cm higher than the ground. After the soil pan has sunk in 15-20 days, you can start planting.

(2) it is better to plant in spring. The strong seedlings with a height of 25cm and 26cm were selected for planting. Cover the tree pocket with grass to moisturize, properly shade the sun and drench the root water.

IV. Management measures

(1) rational fertilization for young trees, in addition to applying organic fertilizer as basic fertilizer in winter, quick-acting fertilizer shall be applied before each new shoot. As a result, the trees were re-applied organic fertilizer and a small amount of available fertilizer after fruit harvest. Apply quick-acting fertilizer before sprouting and inflorescence in early spring. Apply strong fruit fertilizer when the fruit increases rapidly.

(2) sufficient water is required during flowering and fruit development, but it is easy to be waterlogged in rainy season, so drainage should be done well.

(3) proper pruning and sparse pruning is mainly to cut off dead branches, weak branches and over-dense branches, and to cut off fruit-bearing branches and male flower branches that remain on tree trunks and big branches after fruit harvest. It is mainly pruned in winter, and also pruned properly after fruit harvest and in spring. There were 2 fruits per plant in the first year, 4 fruits in the second year, and 2 or 3 more fruits per year thereafter.

(4) if pineapple honey is not fruited for many years after girdling and Huangu IJ planting, or excessive vegetative growth affects flowering and fruiting, bark girdling or ring damage can be carried out on the trunk and main branches. Or cut every 30cm on the main branch of the trunk (cut with a knife or axe) to stab the cortex without hurting the xylem, and the outflow of milk does not need to be wiped off.

(5) the main common diseases and insect pests are longicorn beetles, beetles, thorns, niece beetles, beetles, cotton beetles and leaf spot, soot, soft rot of flowers and fruits, and so on.

5. Timely harvest

The fruit development period of jackfruit is about 4 months, and the fruit ripening period is more concentrated from June to August.

Night nectar has matured successively, so it should be harvested in stages. When the pericarp is hexagonal, the shape is plump, the pericarp is slightly soft and can smell the fragrance, it can be harvested. It can be eaten in 2 to 3 days after harvest. The leaf closest to the stalk turns yellow and detaches, which is a symbol of fruit ripening; if the leaf is only yellow, only 8: 9 is ripe. When you beat the fruit with wood and bamboo sticks, those who are hoarse and heavy are ripe, and those who sound but real are immature.