The latest planting technology of plum fruit

Plum tastes sour and sweet, taste is quite good, so many people in the market like to eat plum. However, if you want to improve the yield of plums, there are still many places to pay attention to. Let's find out about it with Xiaobian below. I hope it will help fruit growers.

jianyuan

pH 6.0~6.5 slightly acidic soil is the most suitable, slightly alkaline or neutral soil can also be. 3330 plants/ha (3m × 1m) and 4995 plants/ha (2m × 1m) were suitable. In the south, it is best to plant from October to December, but it can be planted from September to early March of the following year. When planting, pollinated trees or mixed planting of multiple varieties should be planted, and pollinated varieties can be planted 9-10%~20% according to I planting.

training and pruning

1. V-shaped plastic planting leaves 40~50 cm high and short to determine the stem in the same year, selects 2 new shoots extending between rows and perpendicular to the row direction as permanent main branches, and inserts 2 bamboo poles (in V shape) obliquely into the well to fix them. Make the shoots 45 degrees above ground. The angle between the two branches is 90. Angle. The rest of the shoots are picked and twisted when they are 20~30 cm long, so that they bear fruit in the following year. The second group was cultivated on two main branches.

2. Long branches are used for pruning to promote the formation of short branches. Plum short fruit branches are easy to produce, a few years that is weak, need appropriate short shear renewal. For the old and aged trees in the lower part of the long branches can be pulled branches or appropriately truncated.

soil and fertilizer management

1. Fertilization: Fertilize once a month from germination to July, mainly with quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, combined with organic fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer. Base fertilizer is applied once in September and October, mainly organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer. The ratio of N: P: N fertilizer applied to mature trees (after 3 years of close planting) was 10:8:10. High-yield garden (yield 50 tons/ha or more) should apply pure nitrogen 450 kg/ha, phosphorus pentoxide 300 kg/ha, pure bait 450 kg/ha. Adult orchards are fertilized 3 times a year, i.e. 1 base fertilizer and 2 top fertilizers. The basal fertilizer should be applied before defoliation in September and October, accounting for 60% of the whole year. Organic fertilizer is the main fertilizer, and human and animal manure water (manure:7.) (=1:4) 30 - 45 tons/ha, calcium superphosphate 900 kg/ha. Topdressing is applied twice, the first time is applied before germination (end of February), accounting for about 15% of the whole year, 22.5 tons of human and livestock manure water, 300 kg of urea/ha, 150 kg of sulfuric acid/ha are applied; the second time is applied in the middle and late May during the young fruit expansion period, accounting for 25% of the whole year, 30 tons of chicken manure water/ha, 450 kg of urea/ha, 300 kg of calcium superphosphate/ha, 300 kg of sulfuric acid/ha are applied.

2. Soil management The orchard without soil improvement must be enlarged year by year after planting, and at the same time, irrigation, mulching and cultivation should be reasonable. From March to September, cover the tree tray with straw scale, pay attention to drainage in rainy season, enlarge holes and press green in autumn, and cultivate the whole garden once after pruning in winter.

flower and fruit management

Spraying 30~50 mg/L Gibberellin +0.3% Sands +0.2% Diphosphate at full bloom

Hydrogen bait +0.2% urea. For the long period of new shoots flourishing, 15% multi-effect solution or 200 times of fruit tree promotion control (PBO) was sprayed at the end of April and the beginning of May. Increase organic fertilizer and bait fertilizer during fruit expansion period. Thinning fruit after the first physiological fruit drop, the yield should be controlled at about 60 tons/hectare. Topdressing phosphorus fertilizer outside the root can be combined with spraying pesticides, and 0.2% dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3% urea and trace element fertilizer can be added.

common pests and diseases

Common diseases are bacterial perforation, red dot, sore book disease, the main pests are plum bee, peach worm main snail, bright worm.

It can be seen that planting plums is not a simple matter, it is also to pay attention to certain technology, in the planting industry also to master certain technology in order to greatly improve the yield of planting, so no matter which industry keeps pace with the times can develop better, farther.