Cultivation techniques of baby vegetables

The shape of doll vegetable is the same as that of Chinese cabbage, but its size is only 1/4 to 1/5 of that of Chinese cabbage, which is similar to the "simulated miniature version" of Chinese cabbage, so it may be called doll vegetable. So how to cultivate baby vegetables?

Cultivation techniques of baby vegetables

Sowing temperature

Baby cabbage is a variety of Chinese cabbage, also belongs to semi-cold-tolerant vegetable plants, resistant to light frost, not resistant to severe frost. The most suitable average temperature for growth is (17 ±5) ℃, the average temperature is higher than 25 ℃, the growth is poor, and the growth is slow below 10 ℃. The short-term low temperature of 0 ℃ can recover, and the long-term growth below-2 ℃ will suffer frost damage. The suitable sowing temperature range should be 10-25 ℃. Sowing and covering plastic film in early spring can increase the ground temperature and sow early to achieve the purpose of early sowing and early listing.

Variety selection of baby vegetables

The color of baby cabbage leaves can be roughly divided into two categories: White heart and yellow heart, and the color of the right variety can be selected according to the market demand. Generally speaking, baby vegetables with color have a high content of dry matter.

To choose bolting resistant varieties with better cold tolerance, there are more bolting resistant varieties supplied in the market, such as Gaoli, Mini Star, Pearl Doll, etc., and autumn baby vegetables are not very strict on varieties. however, when sowing in summer, we should choose disease-resistant varieties with good heat tolerance and early heart, such as Golibeibei and heat-resistant 55 varieties.

Baby vegetables make the bed.

Baby vegetables because of less aboveground parts, so the root system is smaller than ordinary cabbage: it is appropriate to choose sandy loam to clayey loam with fertile soil and convenient drainage and irrigation. Due to the short growth period, we should pay attention to the use of base fertilizer, fully apply mature organic fertilizer, and apply 10-15 kg compound fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer. Calcium deficiency or soil alkali areas can be increased by 15 to 20 kilograms of calcium superphosphate to ensure the absorption of calcium, deep rake flat. Baby vegetables can be grown in ridges or borders. It is suitable for border cultivation in spring and autumn to save labor and time; in summer, ridge cultivation is suitable for drainage, and the border width is 1-1.2 meters.

Baby vegetable sowing and planting

In the case of protective facilities, sowing can be arranged throughout the year. But in spring, we should pay attention to the danger of low temperature bolting; in summer, we should use sunshade net to cover the strong light and reduce high temperature, and use anti-insect net to prevent aphids from spreading virus disease. Baby vegetables can not only be broadcast directly, but also can be raised and transplanted. In the spring and autumn when the climate is more suitable, precision sowing can be done, that is, 1 grain per hole or 2 grains per hole and 1 grain per hole for cross-sowing, with a seed consumption of 100g / mu and 150g / mu. The seedlings should be planted with soil at the third leaf stage, with a row spacing of 20 × 30 cm.

Baby vegetable belongs to small plant type, medium and high density leafy vegetable varieties, 1000-seed weight is generally 33.4 grams, direct seeding 80g 100grams per mu, transplanting 50g. The number of plants per mu is 8000 to 10000, and the row spacing of 20 cm × 30 cm is suitable.

Direct seeding or seedling transplanting can be done. Direct seeding save labor is suitable for large-scale planting, but the amount of seed is large. The advantage of raising seedlings and transplanting lies in: first, planting in early spring can be sowed about 20 days earlier, that is, raising seedlings in the protected field first, and planting in the open field after the earth is warmed up, which can be listed early; second, early seedling raising can achieve the purpose of adding stubble, but it is more labor-intensive. The form of making beds depends on local customs. Generally speaking, there are 4-6 rows in the south and small and high beds in the north.

Plant management of baby vegetable

The management of baby vegetables is relatively simple. 2 weeks after sowing, seedlings should be fixed, seedlings should be fixed, seedlings should be replenished and weeds should be removed. Can not squat seedlings or only squatting seedlings for a week, you can strengthen fertilizer and water management to promote growth. To keep the soil moist, but not stagnant water, topdressing 10 kg of urea per mu once during the rapid expansion period (heading period).

Fertilizer and water management applied 5000 kg of organic fertilizer per mu before sowing. Keep the soil moist before and after emergence, loosen the soil frequently before wrapping the heart, increase soil permeability and preserve soil moisture. After wrapping the heart, replenish water and fertilizer as appropriate to promote healthy growth.

It is necessary to check and replenish seedlings in direct seeding field, and seedling transplanting field should be planted at 3-4 leaves to avoid root damage when seedlings are too large.

Baby vegetables harvested

When the whole plant is 30cm to 35cm high and the ball is tight, it can be harvested. When harvesting, the whole plant should be pulled out, the excess outer leaves should be removed, the base should be flattened, and it can be packaged with plastic wrap and then listed on the market.

Pest control of baby vegetables

The cultivation of baby vegetables is seriously damaged by Plutella xylostella, especially in spring sowing stubble, attention should be paid to the control of young larvae at the beginning and peak stage.

The use of agents: 1.8% avermectin EC 2500 × 3000 times; 2.5% Caixi suspensions 1500 times; 5% pyrethrin EC 1000 times 1500 times; 2.5% Uranus EC 1000 times 1500 times; 10% EC 1200 times.

Baby vegetables have a short growth period, strong resistance, generally no diseases and insect pests, if found diseases and insect pests can refer to common Chinese cabbage diseases and insect pests for prevention and control.