Artificial cultivation techniques of Ganoderma lucidum

Ganoderma lucidum, also known as Lin Zhongling and Qiongzhen, is the fruiting body of the porous fungus Ganoderma lucidum. It has the effect of replenishing qi and calming the mind, relieving cough and relieving asthma, and prolonging life. For dizziness and sleeplessness, palpitation, shortness of breath, neurasthenia, fatigue, cough and asthma. Let's take a look at the artificial cultivation techniques of Ganoderma lucidum.

Cultivation techniques of Ganoderma lucidum

Choose the location of the shed.

Choose the Ganoderma lucidum greenhouse with good ventilation, proper light, unobstructed drainage and convenient management. the shed requires clean floor, smooth walls and moisture resistance. The size of Ganoderma lucidum shed depends on the number of culture materials, generally built in the woods, the front and back of the house in the shade, close to the water source is the most suitable location. The mushroom shed should be strictly sterilized before entering the shed, and each cubic meter of space should be sealed and fumigated with 5ml formaldehyde and 10g potassium permanganate for 24 hours. Spring seed is the best from April to May and autumn seed is the best from September to October.

The production of planting ingredients.

Planting ingredients can be made from cottonseed hull 77%, wheat bran 10%, corn meal 10%, sugar, phosphate fertilizer and gypsum 1% each, or sawdust 70%, wheat bran 25%, soybean powder 2%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, gypsum 1.5% and sugar 0.5%. When preparing, mix cottonseed hull, sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum powder and other raw materials well, with a water content of 60% to 65%. It is better to use hands to grasp the finger seams with water overflowing but not dripping. After the cultivation materials are mixed, they are bagged by a bagging machine. The plastic bags are packed in polypropylene or polyethylene cylinders of 15 cm multiplied by 35 cm or 17 cm 33 cm, each containing 400 grams of dry material. Polyethylene bags were sterilized under atmospheric pressure for 10 hours and polypropylene bags were sterilized under high pressure for 2 hours. When the material was cooled to less than 30 ℃, it was inoculated in the aseptic room. One bottle of wheat seed can be inoculated with 40 / 45 bags of cultivation material, and one bottle of cottonseed hull can be inoculated with 25 / 35 bags of cultivation material. Move the inoculated bag into the sterilized culture room and discharge it layer by layer, leaving a pedestrian passage between the shelves, which can be turned up and down once a week to ensure a balanced temperature of the bag, increase the oxygen in the bag and promote the development of bacteria. at the same time, remove the bags infected with green mold.

Management of germicidal phase.

Ganoderma lucidum is a thermophilic fungus, the best mycelial growth temperature is 26-28 ℃, the fruiting body grows best at 24-28 ℃, and the fruiting body can not develop normally below 18 ℃. During the germicidal period, the temperature in the culture room was maintained at 22: 30 ℃, and the air relative humidity was maintained at 50% and 60%. Ventilate for half an hour every day and turn the bag up and down every 5-7 days. When the mycelium is full of 2/3 solvent in the bag, move it into the culture shed, loosen the mouth of the bag, gently lift it with your hand, and leave a little gap. It is appropriate to use scattered light in the shed to avoid direct light. After 25 days and 32 days, the hyphae can be filled with material bags. The mycelium development of individual material bags is uneven and can be singled out and released.

Management in the stage of going out of Zhi.

When the mycelium is full of material bags, use a blade to cut both ends into round openings the size of a 50-cent coin to facilitate the production of Zhi. When leaving Zhi, the temperature of the shed is maintained at 2630 ℃, the relative humidity of the air is increased to 90% 95%, scattered light and sufficient oxygen are provided, the ground is kept in shallow water, doors and vents are opened before 8 am and 4 pm every day, and ventilation is done at 12:00 when the temperature is low. The primordium was expanded for 3 to 5 days, and when the bacterial cap was gradually formed, spray water was added to keep moisture, and when the temperature was too high, spray water to keep moisture.

Poor ventilation is prone to deformed Ganoderma lucidum, when malformed buds should be cut off in time. The cap gradually changed from white to light yellow, from yellow to reddish brown, the edge of the cap basically disappeared, the edge turned red, the cap began to leathery, and the reddish-brown foggy spores ejected from the back, indicating that the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum had matured and should be harvested in time. It takes 4045 days from cutting to harvest.

Harvest.

Stop spraying water one week before Ganoderma lucidum harvest, close the ventilation door, and cover the floor with plastic film to collect sporopollen. After the spores are released, the cap changes from soft to hard, with no light white edge, and the color changes from light yellow to reddish brown. When it no longer grows and thickens, mature Ganoderma lucidum can be harvested. When harvesting Ganoderma lucidum, cut off with scissors from the base of the handle or gently pick it by hand, dry it in time after harvest, and conditionally dry or sun-dry until the water content is 12%, that is, the finished product of Ganoderma lucidum, bagged, stored or sold in a dry room. The finished product is dry, thick cap, stout stalk, hard, reddish brown and lacquer-like luster. [1]

Points for attention of Ganoderma lucidum

Management of Spring Ganoderma lucidum: the Ganoderma lucidum produced from March to June is called Chunzhi. Humidity control is the key at this stage, and the bacteria stick should be soaked in water at the right time. Use a No. 8 shovel from one end of the stick to the other before immersion, and then discharge the stick into the sink or ditch to submerge the stick. Note: the bacterial stick is reduced by less than 1/5 and will not be soaked temporarily if the temperature is above 25 ℃.

Management of Qiuzhi: the Ganoderma lucidum produced from November to December is called Qiuzhi. The main points of its management: the temperature is kept at 12: 15 ℃, and the air loudness and humidity are maintained at 85% and 90%. In the case of fresh air, reduce water evaporation and do a good job of moisturizing. When Zhi Lei grows to the size of soybeans, spray water according to the weather. Spray morning and evening when the temperature is higher than 20 ℃, do not spray at noon; do not spray in rainy and snowy days; spray less in cloudy days.

Management of Ganoderma lucidum: the Ganoderma lucidum produced from January to February is called Ganoderma lucidum, and its quality is the best. At this time, the temperature in the room should not be lower than 3 ℃. It is not suitable to open the window in the morning and evening. When the temperature is high at noon, open the window properly for ventilation.