High-yield cultivation techniques of Rice

Since the advent of hybrid rice, the yield of rice has increased year after year, but this increase is based on the selection of rice varieties. Under the condition of the same rice variety, in order to achieve high quality and high yield of rice, we need to use cultivation techniques to plant rice carefully. The following editor introduces some techniques for increasing rice yield and methods of farmland rice management. Let's take a look.

High-yield cultivation techniques of Rice

1. Sowing at the right time: the late-maturing varieties in Pingchuan entered the greenhouse before April 5, and the mid-early-maturing varieties in hilly and mountainous areas entered the greenhouse around April 10. About 1 kilogram of seed per mu. "500 times" carbendazim solution was used to thoroughly disinfect the greenhouse and seedling plate before sowing. Each plate sows 0.5 kg of dry grain seeds, and the sowing requirements are uniform, non-overlapping and not empty.

2. Greenhouse management: after entering the room for 1-2 days, the chest was broken at high temperature, the greenhouse was kept at 35 ℃, the grain buds were watery, and there was no stagnant water in the seedling plate. after that, the greenhouse decreased by 1.5 ℃ per day, and the seedlings grew at the right temperature. 3-4 days after entering the room, the room temperature dropped to 25 ℃. Pay attention to timely suppression with small boards, bud tip hanging dew, root hair moist without stagnant water. On the 5th-6th day after entering the room, the greenhouse dropped to 20 ℃ 25 min. Pay attention to timely ventilation and seedling refining, and stop heating on the 7th day. During the whole period of raising seedlings in the greenhouse, we should pay attention to timely spraying water to adjust the plate, raise a small seedling with one leaf and one heart, and prepare to send and insert it.

3. Preparation of seedling bed: seedling field and Honda are reserved according to 1RV 8Mel 10, dry ploughing and sorting out stubble sundries. Soaking seeds can be irrigated and soaked in the field, 1500Mu of farm manure is applied, 30kg of superphosphate is applied, pears are raked and leveled, ditches are dug to make beds, and boards are dried for 2 days. The width of the border is 100ml 130cm, and the length of the border varies with the field. The width of the furrow is 20ml 25cm, and the surface of the border is flat, solid and empty.

4. Seedling delivery: for sunny days, the density is 1.5 inches square, and two plants are sent and inserted. It is required that the seedlings stand upright, the roots are stained with mud, and the roots are covered with fine ash dung after posting, so as to keep the seedlings warm and stable.

5. Irrigation of seedling field: the surface of the border is not watered within a week after the seedlings are mailed and planted, the ditch is full of water on a sunny day, dry on a cloudy day, keep the surface of the border dry, promote the root system to tie, and then irrigate in shallow water after "changing clothes". Dry and wet alternately before the three-leaf stage, in case of continuous low temperature and cold wave weather, heat preservation measures such as deep water seedling protection and film mulching and anti-freezing should be taken to prevent seedlings from freezing. In addition, after a long period of rain and low temperature, "500 times" carbendazim solution should be sprayed in time to prevent the occurrence of blight. Maintain the shallow water layer after the three-leaf stage and irrigate in deep water one week before transplanting to facilitate the pulling of seedlings.

6. Topdressing of seedling field: 2 leaves and 1 heart stage of seedling, 1000 kg of rotten light urine water per mu or 5 kg of urea 3ml per mu to be used as end milk fertilizer. 4Urea 5-8kg topdressing at 5-leaf stage promoted tillering. A week before transplanting, 5kg of urea per mu of topdressing was used as "marriage fertilizer".

7. Weeding in seedling field: pulling out weeds in seedling manually.

8. The standard of strong seedling: before transplanting, the law of leaf tiller extension can still be maintained, the seedling age is 40 / 50 days, the leaf age is 6 / 8, the seedling height is 35 / 40 cm, there are 5 tillers per plant, more than 10 white roots, the leaves are old and strong, and there are no diseases and insect pests.

Water management of seedling bed

1. In the case of pouring through the bottom water, in principle, try not to water before 2 leaves, and the water of the seedling bed should be watered three times in the future: first, whether there are dewdrops on the leaf tip in the morning and evening; second, whether the newly unfolded leaves are curled at high temperature at noon; third, whether the soil surface of the seedbed is white. If the leaves do not spit in the morning and evening, the newly unfolded leaves are curled at noon and the surface of the bed soil turns white, the warm water in the morning should be fully watered and thoroughly watered as much as possible, let alone irrigating the bed with cold water, which will lead to cold water stiff seedlings and affect the growth and development of rice seedlings.

2. Try to grow seedlings by drought, grow seedlings by water and grow roots by drought. If you want to have a good seedling root, you must control the moisture in the seedling bed. Seedlings can promote root development only under dry cultivation, especially 2-3 days before transplanting, it is best not to water the roots of seedlings to maintain dry cultivation. If the roots of the seedlings are not good before transplanting, more roots can be applied 1-2 days before transplanting, which can make the rice seedlings have more roots, more white roots, longer roots and better roots.

Principles of fertilization for rice

The main results are as follows: 1. Balanced fertilization is carried out according to the law of fertilizer requirement of crops, soil nutrient supply and fertilizer effect, and the corresponding fertilizer amount and methods are determined. Based on the principle of the combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer and the combination of base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer, balanced fertilization was realized.

2. Implementing harmless organic fertilizer the organic fertilizer produced by farmers must go through ripening and fermentation, carry out harmless treatment, and kill pathogenic microorganisms, insect eggs and weed seeds. The use of industrial wastes, municipal waste and sludge and farm fertilizers that do not meet the harmless targets are prohibited.

3. In order to implement the compound and special application of inorganic fertilizer, the selection of fertilizer types should meet the fertilizer variety and quality requirements stipulated in the fertilizer quality standards, and organic-inorganic compound fertilizers and various crop-specific compound fertilizers should be selected as far as possible.

Pest control

1. Disease: the main disease that needs to be controlled in the later stage of rice growth is rice blast. We should seize the opportunity to apply 2 Murray 3 times after heading, and the interval is about 7 days. Can use tricyclazole wettable powder per mu of about 100 grams, 30 kg of water foliar spray.

2. Insect pests: the main pests in the later stage of rice growth are white-backed whitefly, brown whitefly, armyworm and rice longitudinal leaf borer. These four pests have long-distance migration and sudden occurrence, so we should pay attention to timely control. You can choose the series of hand grenade insecticides produced by Jiuhe in Guangxi-a mixture of rice leaf roller insecticides and rice planthopper insecticides, with a dosage of 30 milliliters per mu and 60kg foliar spray on water. The effect of prevention and control is excellent.

High-quality rice can bring basic protection to people's health, high-yield rice can increase the economic income of farmers, rice high-yield cultivation techniques and reasonable farmland management methods can not only improve the yield of rice but also improve the quality of rice, so rice growers can refer to it.