Soilless Culture Technique of Strawberry

Strawberry is a common fruit, rich in vitamin C, as well as promoting intestinal peristalsis to help digestion. Women often eat it and have a certain effect of beauty. So how to grow strawberries with high edible value? Let's learn about the techniques of growing strawberries with the editor.

Soilless cultivation techniques of Strawberry

1. Establish a cultivation trough.

Cultivation trough conditions can be used cement board, plastic board, wood, red brick can be, plastic board appearance is good, but the cost is high. Generally speaking, the cost of using bricks is low, the operation is simple and convenient, and it is suitable to observe the growth of roots. The trough is in the north-south direction, with deep 500px, wide 1250px and slot spacing 1750px. Three layers can be built with red brick. The bottom of the trough is flattened and covered with 2.5px film to isolate the soil, which not only prevents soil-borne diseases but also protects water and fertilizer.

2, then lay 125px thick coarse matrix, coarse sand, stone seeds, coarse slag, etc., can be used to help water and gas, and then spread woven cloth-layer (can be cut into a single layer with clean woven bags), above it can be filled with prepared matrix, the matrix-must be mixed evenly, a large number of should be mechanical mixing. The slot is filled with 375px, filled with brick and brick-flat. Two days before planting, enough water should be poured to make the matrix solid, with a water content of 70-80%. It should be watered thoroughly without stagnant water.

3. Cultivation of seedlings

Organic ecological soilless cultivation of strawberry requires high quality of seedlings. Virus-free seedlings should be selected and soilless cultivation of substrate should be used. The seedlings with 2-3 leaves were collected from the virus-free mother strain cultured in the open field in the first and middle of July, washed the root soil and planted in the seedling bowl equipped with matrix, or the matrix seedling bowl could be scattered around the mother plant.

When the new bud of the grape stem is produced, the seedling bowl is introduced to take root, and when the new bud grows to 2-3 leaves, the grape stem is cut, collected and cultivated. In the later stage of seedling growth, cold well water should be used to reduce the rhizosphere temperature and promote flower bud differentiation. It is necessary to strengthen management to remove old leaves and new stolons in time in order to reduce nutrient consumption and promote the robust growth of seedlings.

4. planting period and planting method

In order to be on the market in New Year's Day and the Spring Festival, the planting period of soilless cultivation was selected in mid-late September. Two rows were planted in each cultivation trough, row spacing 750px, plant spacing 375px, and a drip irrigation belt was laid between the two rows. When planting seedlings, you should choose high-quality strong seedlings, plant them as you pick them, gently shake off the matrix in the roots from the seedling bowl, remove the old leaves at the base and plant them, and pay attention to the bow back of the plants when planting, that is, they should not be too deep or too shallow, and keep the axillary buds flat with the groove surface.

5. Management after planting

After planting, it can be irrigated with small water and kept moist, and the management of water at seedling stage is mainly controlled. The relative humidity of the substrate during the flowering period is maintained at 60-65%, the fruit expansion period is mainly promoted, and the relative humidity is controlled at 70-80%. The irrigation water temperature in winter should be above 12 ℃. After slowing down the seedling, wait for the plant to grow 3-4 new leaves and start to apply the first fertilizer, and then cover with black plastic film in time. In order to facilitate the application of organic fertilizer, two plots can be used, that is, each row, with 15-500px overlap in the middle.

Topdressing used soilless cultivation of organic special fertilizer or fermented chicken manure, with 15 grams of each plant scattered around the root of the plant. The combination of special fertilizer and fermented sesame oil residue and soybean meal fertilizer can be applied every 10-15 days during flowering and seed expansion period (7.5-10kg fully fermented sesame oil residue or soybean meal diluted and evenly irrigated with 10kg water every 666m), which has a significant effect on increasing yield and improving quality.

Environmental Management of Strawberry greenhouse

① temperature: strawberries prefer warm and cool climate, requiring 25: 30 ℃ in daytime, no less than 12 ℃ at night, 20: 23 ℃ in daytime and no less than 5 ℃ at night. When strawberries pass the summer, when the temperature is higher than 30 ℃ and the sunshine is strong, cooling measures should be taken.

② light: strawberry is a light-loving plant, but it has strong shade tolerance. When the light intensity is strong, the plant is short and strong, the fruit is small, the color is dark and the quality is good. Medium light, large fruit, light color, low sugar content, strawberry harvest time is longer; weak light is not good for strawberry growth. Under the condition that the temperature of the greenhouse is not more than 30 ℃, the light intensity should be increased as much as possible, in the range of 25 ~ 60 000.

③ humidity: the humidity in the greenhouse should not exceed 50%. The vegetative growth stage can be humidified properly, and it is best not to spray water in the reproductive growth stage, especially in the fruiting stage.

Humidity Management of Strawberry planting

2-3 days after strawberry planting, the seedlings should be checked in time, and the roots should be exposed. After the slow seedling of strawberry survived, the black plastic film was laid, the cultivation trough was dug down, and the trough and aisle were all covered. When covering the film, cover the black plastic film on the trough surface plant, touch the place where there are plant seedlings below, tear a small hole in the plastic film, and then carefully pull out all the leaves to make the plastic film close to the substrate. Black film mulching can not only increase soil temperature, maintain soil moisture, reduce air humidity, inhibit the breeding of weeds, but also isolate the contact between strawberry fruit and substrate, and keep the fruit bright, clean and hygienic. The suitable substrate humidity for strawberry growth is 70% 80%, and the air humidity is 60% 70%.

Nutritional value of Strawberry

Strawberry is rich in nutritional value and is known as the "fruit queen". Rich in vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin PP, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, carotene, tannic acid, aspartic acid, copper, strawberry amine, pectin, cellulose, folic acid, iron, calcium, ellagic acid and anthocyanins and other nutrients.

In particular, the vitamin C content is 7-10 times higher than that of apples and grapes. The contents of malic acid, citric acid, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, as well as carotene, calcium, phosphorus and iron are also 3 to 4 times higher than those of apples, pears and grapes.

To protect eyesight, strawberries are rich in carotene and vitamin A, which can relieve night blindness, maintain the health of epithelial tissue, nourish the liver, and promote growth and development.

Help digestion, prevent constipation, strawberries are rich in dietary fiber, which can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis, promote food digestion in gastrointestinal tract, improve constipation and prevent the occurrence of acne and intestinal cancer.

Through the above content, I believe we all know some technical methods of cultivating strawberries. Strawberries are highly sought after by the majority of consumers, whether they are fresh strawberries or processed strawberries into dried strawberries and strawberry powder. planting strawberries has also become a promising planting project.