Planting technology of tree grape

One of the most important reasons why the price of tree grape is so high in the domestic market is that it is difficult to grow tree grape, there are fewer people to grow it, and things are scarce. Therefore, if you want to open up the tree grape in the domestic market, it is necessary to study the planting technology of the tree grape on the basis of accurately grasping the growth habits of the tree grape.

Planting technology of tree grape

1. Selection of land for establishment of garden: Jiabao fruit should be cultivated in flat paddy field with drainage and irrigation ditch, border height of 30 cm, groundwater level below 100 cm, slope cultivation reclaimed into terraced fields 3-4 meters wide according to contours, and the terrace surface is inversely inclined to 3-5 degrees. The original varieties of tree grape are selected, and the cultivation can be planted in holes or trenches, and the specifications are determined according to the seedling or cultivation model, the general specification is 60 × 60 cm or 80 × 80 cm.

2. Planting specifications: the planting specifications of Jiabao fruit are short-term, long-term and short-term growing model. the plant-row spacing of the short-term model is 2666 plants / mu, and the first anniversary is a planting cycle. The plant-row spacing of the long-term model is 4 × 4 m 88 plants / mu, and the period of 15 years or more is a cycle. The plant-row spacing of the short-growing model was 1333 plants / mu, and 1/2 seedlings came out of the nursery every year from the second year after planting.

3. Wiping buds and fixing shoots: Jiabao fruit wipes off double buds, multiple buds and too weak buds after sprouting, and leads to both sides after forming new shoots. Setting shoots at a distance of 15 to 20 centimeters and spraying Huawang No. 3 in time can effectively control shoot growth, promote more flower branches, and promote flower bud differentiation. It can effectively balance the size of flowers and ears and save the trouble of thinning flowers and fruits.

4. Fertilizer and water management: Jiabao fruit cultivation should pay attention to the use of organic fertilizer, advocate the combined use of organic fertilizer, microbial fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, and the proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:2:1. To popularize plant nutrition diagnosis and formula fertilization, it can be applied in holes or furrows, with water-soluble fertilizers or long-acting fertilizers, organic fertilizers, microbial fertilizers and chemical fertilizers for many times. Jiabao fruit is a wet species, to keep the soil moist, but avoid stagnant water.

5. Pruning: Jiabao fruit grows slowly and does not need strong pruning at ordinary times, but in order to control plant height and potted tree type, it is appropriate to prune the branches with exuberant growth at the top. In general, it is recommended to prune the lower and internal thin and short branches in order to shape the tree type with ventilated and beautiful branches, and dense or overgrown branches can be trimmed in autumn and winter.

6. pest control: Jiabao fruit has few diseases and insect pests in domestic cultivation, and seldom uses pesticides in management, so it is an excellent planting tree species. However, it is easy to be damaged by birds during the fruiting period. if the poisonous moth larvae harm the leaves, the plant protection manual can be recommended for prevention and control. In addition, aphids, fruit flies, crustaceans and beetles have been recorded, so we should pay attention to these diseases and insect pests when cultivating.

Growth habits of tree grape

Tree grape is suitable for growing in cooler tropical and subtropical climates with moderate to high rainfall. Most varieties can withstand low temperatures of-2.8℃, while some varieties can withstand low temperatures of-4.4℃. Is a solar tree species, need all-day sunshine or withstand a little shade, require moist soil, but avoid stagnant water, can withstand short-term drought. It has strong adaptability to soil, but the slightly acidic (pH5.5~6.5) sandy loam with deep soil layer, fertile soil and good drainage is the best, which grows poorly on calcareous soil and is not resistant to salt and alkali.

The propagation mode of tree grape

1. Seed propagation: this is the most important propagation method of Jiabao fruit at present. There are 1 to 4 seeds per fruit, which is irregular prismatic and polyembryonic. Fresh seeds germinate better, generally crush the pericarp and squeeze out the seeds, wait for 1-2 days, the flesh is acidified and rotten, and then wash the pulp with clean water, and then sow. The fruits were stored in plastic bags after harvest and refrigerated at 5-8 ℃. When sowing, the seeds were taken out and washed and sown. The fruits could be kept in cold storage for 1-2 months, and still had a certain germination rate. Seeds germinate 20-40 days after sowing, and germinate slowly when the temperature is low.

2. Grafting method: it takes 6-10 years for the seedlings of most Jiabao fruit varieties to begin to bear fruit, and the grafting method can be used for early fruiting and about 3 years after grafting. Biennial seedlings are selected as rootstocks and annual branches are cut from fruiting mother trees as scions. The survival rate of cutting or relying on grafting is higher in autumn and winter, and the grafting rate is poor after March to April, and grafting is not easy to succeed in summer.

3. Cutting method: Jiabao fruit is not easy to survive. It is a typical hard-to-root species studied in China. It can be cut with semi-hardwood (2 sections and 4 leaves) in May every year, soaked in NAA 2000 ppm, and rooting rate can reach 90% with peat soil as rooting medium. However, in foreign studies, it is better to cut cuttings with 10 cm long cuttings with 3-4 pairs of mature leaves in the medium of sand mixed peat soil (proportion 1:1). Cutting 4 cuttings at the base of cuttings and IBA 1000 ppm treatment can promote rooting.

4. Pruning: because the growth of Jiabao fruit is slow, there is no need for strong pruning at ordinary times, but in order to control plant height and potted tree type, it is appropriate to prune the branches with exuberant growth at the top. In general, it is recommended to trim the lower and internal thin and short branches in order to shape the tree type with ventilated and beautiful branches, and the dense or overgrown branches can be trimmed in autumn and winter.

Tree grapes can hang fruit for several years.

According to the situation, some 5 years, some 10 years.

The tree grape is also called the tree grape because it looks like the grape. Tree grapes are suitable for growing in the tropics and need wet soil so that they can grow better.

As a unique shrub in Taiwan, tree grape belongs to the myrtle family, also known as tree grape. It grows slowly and can bear fruit in spring and autumn every year. If the saplings have just been planted, they need to wait five years before they can bear fruit, but they just bear fruit, and the number is limited, sometimes they will bear a lot of fruit, but maybe only one or two will bear fruit. Only after ten years, can the quantity of the vine reach a certain standard, and the quantity can be basically stable. Therefore, seldom see sellers in the market, it is recommended to buy 4-year-old trees directly.

In addition to the planting techniques of tree grapes, you also need to be patient enough to wait for the tree grapes to blossom and bear fruit. The wait is long, and it will take at least 5 years for the tree grape to hang. Therefore, if you want to make a fortune from the tree grape, you should seize the opportunity and do it quickly, otherwise you will be preempted by others.