Planting techniques of Xiahei Grape

Summer is the season when grapes are rich, and Xia Hei has the highest sugar content of all grapes. Its sweetness is moderate, will not feel bored, there is no stone, so it is a variety that many people like to buy. Today, the editor takes you to learn the main points of growing summer black grapes.

Planting techniques of Xiahei Grape

1. Soil selection. Black grape can grow normally on slightly acidic, neutral and slightly alkaline soil. Neutral and slightly alkaline sandy loam with loose soil and good drainage is the most suitable.

2. Branch shaping. 1-2 secondary shoots can be left as fruiting mother branches, and only 1-2 leaves can be left for re-coring. One ear of fruit is left for each new shoot, and the accessory spike and ear tip are removed when thinning flowers a week before flowering. After setting the fruit, thinning out the small abnormal fruit. It is recommended to apply healing and anticorrosive film on the trimmed mouth to promote wound healing.

3. Water and fertilizer management. After the seedlings survived in the same year, regular application of thin fertilizer and frequent application of new high-fat membrane was suggested to enhance fertilizer efficiency.

4. Disease control. Black pox and downy mildew with poor resistance should be prevented in advance. Targeted drugs such as carbendazim, carbendazim, trimethoprim, ethyl aluminum, phorate, topiramate and other targeted drugs can be used in rotation to avoid drug resistance.

5. Guard against cold. After fruit picking, the whole garden is sprayed with tree protection generals to ward off diseases and insect pests and protect the trees from cold and safe through the winter.

Key points of planting summer black grape

1. Rack type selection. Hedgerow cultivation is advocated, natural fan-shaped pruning, row spacing of 1.7m, plant spacing of 0.8m and 667m2 planting 500 plants. In the area where the soil should be buried to prevent cold, 420 plants can be planted with a row spacing of 2m and a plant spacing of 0.8m 667m2. Where there is a lot of rain, the first wire above the ground is more than 80cm away from the ground to prevent rain splashing and sediment pollution. This type of frame is beneficial to make full use of land, wind and light, especially for early high yield and general management level, and the output of 667m2 can reach more than 2000kg in the second year.

2. Pruning ears and thinning fruits. It is suggested that if there are two ears, one should be repaired. If the ear is too long, the ear tip should be removed 10 days before flowering. On average, there is only one ear for each fruiting branch. In practice, two ears can be left on the top of the shelf, one ear on the medium-growing shoot, and no ear on the weak branch and culture branch. The seeds of summer black fruit are closely planted, so it is recommended that the fruit be thinned.

3. Expansion treatment. That is, 15 days after flowering, 45~50mg/kg gibberellin solution was dipped or sprayed on the ear, and repeated every 12 to 15 days. Or when the seeds of soybeans are large, use 45mg/kg gibberellin solution to spray the 10ml of pixiuron per 1~1.5kg or dip it in the ear, once.

4. Fruit bagging. Summer black grape bagging has many benefits, such as disease prevention, pest prevention, bird pest prevention, pollution prevention, yield protection and quality protection. The berries produced are not only beautiful, but also taste good.

5. Water and fertilizer management. During the planting and establishment of the garden, organic fertilizer 5000kg was applied per 667m2, and then expanded outward along one side of the planting ditch every other year, organic fertilizer was applied once in the ditch, and 4000~5000kg was applied per 667m2. Quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer can be applied once in spring to accelerate budding and promote the growth of large ears. The expansion fertilizer was applied once with high nitrogen ternary fertilizer. Apply potash fertilizer once before fruit ripening.

6. Scientific winter scissors. Xiahei grape has good flower bud differentiation, high germination rate and high fruiting branch rate. Therefore, the general tree potential is mainly short shoot pruning, while strong branches can be pruned in the middle.

The advantages of summer black grape

The main results are as follows: (1) the growth of summer black with strong stress resistance and resistance to storage and transportation is similar to that of Jufeng. The summer black skin is thick, and it is not easy to break due to extrusion in the process of transportation. It has high sugar content and is more resistant to storage and transportation than ordinary varieties. After the fruit is ripe, it can be hung on the tree for more than 60 days without cracking, dropping grains or changing color.

2. High yield. The differentiation of summer black flower bud is good and stable, and the germination rate of bud eye is more than 85%. Each fruiting shoot has an average of 1.5 ears. The garden was established in the first year and can be put into production in the second year, and the highest yield per 667m2 can reach 2250kg.

3. Very precocious, easy to color and high in sugar. Summer black lasts 100 to 105 days from sprouting to fruit ripening. Combined with spraying acid pesticide for 3 times and spraying foliar fertilizer containing medium and trace elements for 5 times, after the fruit began to soften, the grape was sprayed with early ripening and sugar, and the summer black berry was quickly colored after softening, and the coloring was fast and uniform. The sweetness of summer black is as high as 24 degrees, and many people call it "super sweet grape".

The solution to the rotten ear of summer black grape

Cut off the seriously diseased ear, take it out of the field for treatment, cut off the diseased part of the ear first, and then soak the ear with 20% difenoconazole microemulsion and 22.2% Imazole EC. A mixture of 40% flusilazole EC and 20% difenoconazole microemulsion was sprayed throughout the garden. Clear the ditch to ensure that the orchard does not accumulate water after rain, reasonable load, in principle, a fruit tip does not leave more than a string of fruit ears, strong tree potential, combined with spraying foliar fertilizer.

It turns out that there are so many factors to pay attention to in order to grow summer black grapes. After seeing so much, everyone must have a deeper understanding of how to grow summer black grapes. I hope the planting method introduced by the editor can be helpful to everyone, and they can grow delicious and high-yielding summer black grapes.