Planting techniques and Management items of Edible Lily

Site selection: select the land with sunny and high terrain, good drainage and irrigation conditions, deep soil layer and good fertility, and apply base fertilizer before planting. Seed selection: choose seed balls with large white scales, no dots and bitter taste. Sowing: from late September to early October, take off the top when growing more than 60 leaves. Management: cover with plastic film after sowing and cover with plastic film for 30-40 days in early spring. Fertilization: foliar fertilizer was applied in late June. Diseases and insect pests: actively remove weeds and prevent diseases and insect pests. Harvest: harvested in sunny days after the Beginning of Autumn.

In our life, lilies have not only lilies that can be seen everywhere, but also edible lilies that can be seen frequently in our meals. There are many varieties and varieties of lilies, and edible lilies have the effects of moistening the lungs and relieving cough, calming the mind, relieving the mind and fighting cancer. Today we are mainly going to introduce the planting method of edible lilies, which is only for everyone's study and reference.

I. planting techniques of edible lilies

1. Land selection and preparation

The main results are as follows: (1) the edible lily should be planted on the land with higher topography, sunny direction, better drainage and irrigation conditions, deep soil layer and middle and upper fertility.

(2) Edible lilies can not be planted continuously, nor can they be rotated with onion and garlic crops. Legume or Gramineae crops are better in the first crop.

(3) before planting, 2500 to 3000 kg of mature organic fertilizer and 25 kg of superphosphate should be applied per mu as base fertilizer, and 50% of Diyanong should be turned into the soil at the same time to carry out soil disinfection. Then turn 25cm to 30cm deep.

(4) soil preparation should fully mix base fertilizer with soil, so as to fully improve soil physical and chemical properties, and create good conditions for root development and bulb expansion of edible lily.

2. Selection of bulbs.

The main results are as follows: (1) the reproduction coefficient of edible lily is low and the amount of seed used is large.

(2) the quality of Longya lily is the best for planting edible lilies. This variety has enlarged scales, shaped like dragon teeth, white and delicate, no bitterness, high price and good market.

(3) when introducing edible lily varieties, the bulbs with white color, large scales, no pockmarks and no bitterness must be selected. Generally, the economic benefit of planting middle bulb with 50-60 grams is the best. About 150 to 200 kilograms of balls are needed per mu.

3. Sowing at the right time and picking the heart

The main results are as follows: (1) it is suitable to sow seeds from late September to early October.

(2) after sowing, seedlings did not begin to emerge until the first ten days of March of the following year. The sowing specification in hilly and mountainous areas is generally 40 cm × 30 cm between rows to ensure that the population density is more than 6000 plants per mu.

(3) after sowing, it must be covered with straw or leaves to keep the land dry and there can be no stagnant water in the field.

(4) the edible lily should be peeled when the plant has grown more than 60 leaves and the daily average temperature is less than 23 ℃. The yield of centering is higher than that of non-coring, and that of coring at the right time is higher than that of late coring. The more leaves retained for coring at the right time, the greater the yield increase. When the seedling is 30-35 cm high, it is necessary to top and pick the head in time to promote the concentrated delivery of nutrients to the bulb.

4. Field management and fertilization

The main results are as follows: (1) the edible lily should be covered with plastic film after sowing.

(2) mulching edible lily for 30 days in early spring could shorten the seedling emergence period of edible lilies by 7 to 15 days and increase yield by 12%.

(3) in order to prevent the early withering of green leaves in the later stage of edible lily and prolong the life of edible lily functional leaves, when the bulb expansion of edible lily turns slow in late June, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 0.3% 0.5% urea should be used to apply foliar fertilizer once. Foliar fertilizer should be sprayed with 10 kg flushing water and 50 kg foliar fertilizer per mu in the first ten days of July to prevent premature senility.

5. prevention and control of diseases and insect pests and harvest

The main results are as follows: (1) within 1-2 days after sowing, 50-80 grams of diachlor should be sprayed per mu to prevent weeds.

(2) during the growth period of edible lilies, the main diseases and insect pests are ground tigers, aphids and virus diseases. At the initial stage of the onset of virus diseases, 1.5% Zhixianling emulsion should be sprayed 1000 times, or antiviral agent No. 1 should be sprayed 1000 times, once every 10 days for 3 times.

(3) 40% omethoate should be used to control aphids after emergence. In late April, 0.5 kg phoxim per mu was used to spread poisonous soil to kill insects underground.

(4) in the later growth stage, the larger the bulb and the higher the yield of edible lily.

(5) after the Beginning of Autumn, the stems of edible lilies have turned yellow and withered, and when the flowers have fallen off, they should be harvested in a sunny day. At this time, the harvested bulbs are fully developed, the yield is high and resistant to storage.

(6) during harvest, the bulbs should be dug out and cut off the aboveground parts, immediately transported back to indoor burial, and stored in clean river sand to prevent discoloration and dryness, affecting economic benefits.

II. Classification of main varieties of lily

1. Lilium lily

(1) Curly Dan lily, also known as Curly Dan, Tiangai Lily, inverted Lotus, Tiger skin Lily, Pearl Flower, Yellow Lily, is named "Curly Dan" because of its orange color and reverse curl of petals, and because the petals have purple-black markings on the petals, which is very similar to the pattern on the back of a tiger, it has the elegant name of tiger skin lily.

(2) it is originally from China, Japan, Korea and other places, but it is now planted in many places. The height of the plant is 70cm to 100cm, sometimes as high as 1.5m, which can be called the crown of lilies.

(3) the corm is enlarged and white, which can be used for food and medicine, with a slightly bitter taste. There are black and purple spots on the stem, which makes the stem dark brown. The plant has strong growth and axillary bulblets, which can be propagated by bulbs. The triploid lily is pollinated with many Asian lily species, all of which have interspecific compatibility and interspecific hybrids can be obtained.

2. Beautiful lilies

(1) Beautiful lily, also known as deer lily and gorgeous red lily.

(2) Luzi lily originated from Jiangxi Province, Zhejiang Province, Taiwan, and the coastal areas southwest of Kyushu and Shikoku, Japan.

(3) the plant is 60 cm high and 100 cm high, with opposite leaves, broad and sparse, hence the name Lilium macrophylla. There are several flowers in the upper part of the stem, the petals roll outward, the stamens reveal the petals, the flowers are white and light red, and the petals are covered with rose patterns and spots, shaped like the markings on the deer, so it has the reputation of deer lilies. Those with white colors are called white deer lilies, and those with red or purple colors are called red deer lilies. Yanhong Deer Lily, a rare species from Taiwan, is called "the most beautiful lily in East Asia".

3. Shandan lily

(1) Shandan lily, also known as Shandan flower, Shandan lily, coral lily, linear lily, fine leaf lily, is named because of its thin leaves and Corolla.

(2) the height of the culm is 30cm to 40cm, and the leaves on the stem are 50cm and 80cm, slender and as narrow as pine leaves. Flowers bloom in late spring and early summer, drooping, petals curling outward, bright red and shiny. Bulbs ovate or conical, scales rectangular or long ovate. Capsule moment rounded. The flowering period is from July to August and the fruit ripening period is from September to October.

4. Musk lily

(1) Musk lily, also known as iron cannon lily and Easter lily, is the representative variety of flower lily. The flowers are pure white, cylindrical and open horizontally. It is originally from Taiwan.

Fourth, the breeding mode of lilies

1. Seed bulb reproduction. The secondary race bulb was used for reproduction. This method has the advantages of quick effect and less disease. The surface part of the aboveground stem of lilies grows bulbs 1 cm-2 cm in size, which are left behind when harvesting lilies and buried in the sand for planting in autumn.

2. Bulblet propagation. Musk lilies do not produce bulbs, other lilies can grow broad bean-sized bulbs (aerial bulbs) in summer, and each plant can produce more than 40 bulbs. With the rising temperature in summer, the bulbs will fall off, so they should be harvested before falling off and reserved for seed use, and the seeds should be sown from September to October of that year.

3. Scale propagation. This method has high reproduction coefficient and is commonly used. After the bulb is fully mature, dig it up, choose those that are fat and free from diseases and insect pests, cut off the scales from the base with a sharp knife, and then sow them in the seedbed covered with sandy loam. In order to select disease-free and healthy plants by scale propagation, the healthy plants can germinate quickly and neatly after 7 days of high temperature above 35 ℃.

Fifth, the selection and purchase methods of lilies

1. To buy fresh lilies, you should choose a large one with white color, uniform petals, thick meat and less dirt at the bottom.

2. If the lily is yellow in color and the soil is wet in the concave, it may be spermatorrhea and rotten heart.

3. Dried lilies are dry, free of impurities, thick and crystal clear.

4. Edible lilies are superior to those with family species, non-bitter taste, wide and thin scales. For medicinal lilies, those with wild, bitter taste and small and thick petals are better.

Due to the increasing market demand for edible lilies, the domestic planting area is too small, coupled with fewer varieties, resulting in a shortage of supply in the past two years, causing prices to soar. In this form of stimulation, many friends want to grow lilies and engage in industrial adjustment, in this case, varieties and planting techniques have become the key. Therefore, it is very important to master the planting technology of edible lilies.