Planting technique of Newhall navel Orange

Orange is a common fruit, there are many kinds of oranges, not only navel oranges, sweet oranges and blood oranges and so on. There are even different varieties of navel oranges. Let's go with the editor to learn how Newhall navel oranges are grown. How to manage the planting of Newhall navel orange in the later stage?

Planting technique of Newhall navel Orange

1. Planting: choose the garden with high fertility, open terrain, convenient irrigation and sufficient sunshine to build the garden. The planting hole of 80 × 80 × 80cm square was dug before planting, and the navel orange seedlings with well-developed roots and strong plants were selected.

2. Fertilizer and water management: dig big holes, apply big fertilizer, and apply more organic fertilizer. According to the method of applying budding fertilizer, flower fertilizer and fruit fertilizer in spring, strong fruit fertilizer in summer, pre-harvest fertilizer in autumn and base fertilizer in winter. Navel orange has a large number of flowers, more flowers and fruits, and a large fruit, so it needs a large amount of fertilizer, which is more than twice as much as that of ordinary oranges.

3. Shaping and pruning: the tree is shaped with a natural round head. As a result, the tree implements the cultivation and management measures of "focusing on spring shoots, controlling summer shoots and protecting autumn shoots". Pruning is mainly carried out in winter, with the cooperation of spring, summer and autumn. In addition to cutting off withered branches, disease and insect branches, cross branches, overlapping branches and horseback branches, the weak branches below 5cm should be deleted, the over-dense branches should be properly deleted, and the long branches should be kept as reserve branches.

4. Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: the main diseases and insect pests of Newhall navel orange are canker, mites, scale, leaf moth, longicorn beetle and so on. According to the plant protection policy of "giving priority to prevention and biological control", we adhere to the principle of agricultural control, biological control and physical control, supplemented by chemical control, so as to achieve the relative balance of ecology.

We should do a good job in deep turning and expanding holes and ripening the soil, prohibit the planting of tall plants such as corn and wheat in the garden, and do a good job in rational intercropping and weeding in the orchard.

Select suitable planting area for planting

Among the suitable ecological conditions for Newhall navel orange, temperature is the most important and key factor. The annual average temperature is 16.2-18 ℃ and the annual accumulated temperature of ≥ 10 ℃ is 5000-8000 ℃. Too high and too low will affect the growth and quality of Newhall navel orange. The minimum temperature should not be lower than-5 ℃, otherwise it will cause freezing injury. Newhall navel oranges can also be planted in areas with good microclimate, such as large water bodies, basins, sunny slopes and warm belts, as long as the above temperature conditions are reached.

Newhall navel orange has a wide adaptability to soil, no matter in hills or plains, whether in red soil, purple soil or paddy soil. But the soil should be slightly acidic (pH value 5.5-6.5), and the over-acidic soil should be adjusted with appropriate amount of lime for several years, and the soil layer should be deep and fertile, loose and permeable. In addition, the orchard is required to have sufficient light, air convection, convenient drainage and irrigation, and stay away from industrial pollution.

Shaping and pruning

Principle: according to local conditions, tree pruning, proper promotion and suppression, ventilation and light transmission, three-dimensional results.

Plastic surgery: (natural happy shape). The dry height is 20-40cm, the main branches (3-4 branches) are scattered on the trunk, the angle of the main branches is 30 °- 50 °, and there are 2-3 secondary branches on each main branch. Generally speaking, after the formation of the third main branch, the central trunk of the class is cut off and twisted to one side as the fruiting branch group.

Pruning: young trees are mainly trimmed lightly. After the elongated branches in the center of the class and the main branches and secondary branches were selected, the elongated branches were cut moderately or severely, and the growth balance among the main branches was adjusted by the degree of truncation and the direction of cutting buds. Except for the proper thinning and deletion of over-dense branches, the inner bore branches and the weaker branches in the middle and lower part of the crown should generally be retained.

Early fruiting period: continue to select short-cut treatment of all levels of backbone extension branches, erase summer shoots, promote strong autumn shoots. Measures such as ring cutting, root cutting and water control are adopted to promote flowers for prosperous trees in autumn. Full fruit period: timely retract fruiting branch group, falling flower fruiting branch group and declining branch group, cutting off light-blocking branches, withered branches, disease and insect branches.

How to control diseases and insect pests

Strengthen the control of red spiders, leaf miner moths, aphids, Phoenix butterflies, Spodoptera litura and locusts, as well as canker and anthrax.

1. Red spider: the growth period of spring and autumn shoots is the key control period, and acaricides are selected to prevent and control the outbreak of acaricides.

2. Leaf miner: before summer and autumn shoots, avermectins were sprayed when the buds were 2-3 mm long, once every 5-7 days, twice in a row.

3. Aphids and butterflies: choose organophosphorus pesticides to kill.

4. Spodoptera litura: its larvae are pseudo-dead, causing damage to tender shoots about 1 cm to 2 cm long, and adults gnaw on leaves. Emphasis should be placed on prevention and control of shoot growth in summer and autumn. When seriously damaged, all the leaves can be gnawed away. Insecticides such as cover worm wolf and batting can be selected for control; at the same time, weeds in the garden should be removed to make Spodoptera litura have no hiding place.

5. Locusts: when severe damage is done in summer, phoxim, malathion and other pesticides can be used to control the leaves.

6. Canker: during the growth period of summer and autumn shoots, copper preparations such as quinoline copper, leaf fumazol and agricultural streptomycin were sprayed to control the disease for 2 or 3 times until the leaves were mature.

7. Anthrax: spraying prochloraz, thiophanate, chlorothalonil and other agents in the early stage of the disease.

Through the content of planting Newhall navel orange summarized by the editor above, I believe everyone has a certain understanding of planting Newhall navel orange. Newhall navel orange is the best navel orange, taste sweet and juicy, nutritional value is also very rich, so growing Newhall navel orange is still a profitable project!