Pruning techniques of chestnut trees

People cut their hair in order to improve their image, not only to be worthy of the audience, but also to provide themselves with a kind of beautiful enjoyment when looking in the mirror. In terms of aesthetics, the effect of pruning branches and leaves of flowers and plants is the same. However, in addition to achieving the effect of beautification, the key to pruning fruit trees is the rational allocation of nutrients.

Pruning techniques of chestnut trees

1. Truncation: cut off part of the annual branch. Short cutting can promote branching, enhance tree potential, compact crown, reduce male flowers, and adjust the distribution of nutrients. Delayed pruning can be used for prosperous trees and branches and cut short after sprouting.

2. Retraction: it is a truncation of perennial branches. It is mainly used for perennial branches where the growth is weak, the fruiting part moves outward and the inner chamber is bald seriously.

3. Thinning branches: that is, opposite branches, light branches and inner slender branches are removed from the base.

4. Hooded scissors: cut short in winter near the new tip wheel marks with different times of coring. Leaving 2-4 small buds on the new wheel marks is called wearing a live cap to prune. If handled properly, the small buds on the cap and the big buds under the wheel marks can bear fruit branches. It is called wearing a dead hat to prune the buds without leaving buds on the new wheel marks, so that the big buds will bear fruit under the wheel marks. In general, those with weak branches wear dead hats and those with strong branches wear live hats.

5. Slow release: slow release means no cutting. The main function is to disperse nutrition and ease the tree potential. Slow pruning is often used for prosperous trees.

6. pulling branches and scratching: the strong branches without coring in the crown are flattened during the sap flow to bud opening in spring, and scratched on the top of the buds that need to germinate, so that they can produce strong branches, and then the slowly flattened branches are retracted to the part of the strong branches when they are pruned in winter.

7. Pick the heart: when the new shoot grows to 30 cm, remove the top of the new shoot. Mainly used in strong branches, the purpose is to promote branching and early fruit. Pick the heart 2-3 times a year. The new shoot of the fruiting branch of the first fruiting tree is long and prosperous, and when the front shoot of the fruit grows, 3-5 buds are left to pick the heart. After coring, the front shoot of the fruit can form about 3 robust branches, increase the proportion of fruit-bearing branches, and slow down the outward movement of fruit-bearing parts.

8. Male removal: leave only a few male inflorescences on the branches and remove the rest. Its main function is to control nutrition, promote the formation of female flowers and improve the strength of fruiting.

Planting techniques of Chestnut trees

The main results are as follows: 1. Garden selection: chestnut orchard should choose sandy loam with low groundwater level and good drainage, and planting in places where saline-alkali soil, low humidity and strong wind are avoided. In order to open up millet garden in hilly land, we should choose the area near the mountain with gentle terrain and thick soil layer.

2. Variety selection: Chinese chestnut should be planted mainly with excellent varieties selected locally, such as Paoche No. 2, Chenguo No. 1, etc., and properly introduce Shifeng, Jinfeng, Haifeng, Qingmao soft thorns, summer red and other varieties, at the same time to achieve a reasonable mix of early, middle and late varieties.

3. Pollination trees: chestnut trees mainly rely on the wind to spread pollen, but because chestnut trees have heterogeneity of male and female flowers and self-fruiting, a single variety often produces empty buds due to poor pollination, so 10% pollination trees must be prepared in the new chestnut orchard.

4. Reasonable close planting: reasonable close planting of chestnut trees is the basic measure to increase the yield per unit area. it is suitable to have 3040 trees per mu in plain chestnut orchards and 4060 trees per mu in mountainous areas. It is planned that the dense planting chestnut orchard can plant 60,111 trees per mu, and then thinning will be carried out step by step.

Fruit of Chinese chestnut planting for several years

The grafted chestnut began to bear fruit in 2 ~ 3 years, and the seed chestnut began to bear fruit for 5 ~ 8 years, and entered the fruiting peak after about 20 years. Chinese chestnut has been cultivated in China for at least 2500 years. It has strong adaptability, wide distribution, easy cultivation, high yield, and can be cultivated economically in mountainous areas and sandy beaches. It is preferred to light, and can be cultivated in soil PH4.5~7.5, the average annual temperature is above 10 degrees, the average temperature during the growing period is 16-20 degrees, and the lowest temperature in winter is minus 25 degrees.

Harvesting methods of Chinese Chestnut

There are two kinds of chestnut harvesting methods, namely, chestnut picking method and milking method. The method of picking up chestnuts is to wait for the chestnuts to become fully hot, and then pick up the chestnuts manually after falling to the ground naturally. In order to facilitate the collection of chestnuts, weeds should be removed from the ground before the chestnut bud attacks. When harvesting, first vibrate the tree, and then pick up all the fallen chestnut and chestnut buds. Be sure to pick it up every morning and evening and store it as you pick it up. The advantage of chestnut picking method is that chestnut is full and full, high yield, good quality and strong storage resistance. The chestnut method is to gently knock down the mature chestnut bud with a bamboo pole in scattered batches, and then pick up the chestnut buds and chestnuts. Using this method of harvest, generally 2-3 days hit. When beating the bud, beat the twigs inward from the outside of the crown to shake off the chestnut bud, so as not to damage the branches and leaves. It is strictly forbidden to lay down all chestnut buds with different maturity at one time. The harvested chestnut bud should be treated with "perspiration" as soon as possible, because at that time, the temperature was high, the water content of chestnut was high, the respiratory intensity was high, and there was a large amount of fever. if the chestnut was not treated in time, the chestnut was easy to mildew. The treatment method is to choose a cool and ventilated place, spread the chestnut bud thinly, with a thickness of 20-30 cm, splash water and turn it over every day, cool "sweating" treatment for 2-3 days, and then carry out manual threshing.

The successfully planted chestnut trees can produce satisfactory chestnut fruit after continuous pruning, strengthening the tree strength and providing more nutrients to the strong branches and female flowers. After maturing, chestnut needs to be harvested and stored in a reasonable way, so that the edible period of chestnut can be extended without harming the fruit.