Cultivation techniques of Persimmon

Persimmon is a common variety in China, which is cultivated in many areas and generally matures in autumn and winter. There are two common persimmons on the market: one is directly edible, the other is astringent, which needs to be removed before it can be eaten. So how can we grow high-quality persimmons?

Cultivation techniques of Persimmon

1. Soil: the requirements for soil are not strict, and mountains, hills, plains, beaches, clay and sandy land can grow. But it is best to build persimmon orchards where the soil layer is more than 1 meter deep. It is most ideal to be planted on loam and clay loam with deep soil layer and strong water retention capacity. The soil PH value of 6-7.5 is the best.

2. Reproduction: Persimmon trees use Junqianzi or wild persimmon as rootstock, branch grafting at sprouting time or budding between summer and autumn. Practice has proved that the survival rate of bud grafting during spring shoot germination is also very high.

3. Autumn planting distance: the planting distance is 6 × 8 meters, and the barren mountain area can be reduced by 4 × 4 meters. Autumn planting is suitable for the south. When raising seedlings, less damage to the root system, strictly prevent fine roots from drying, be sure to make the root system stretch, stampede, and fully watered.

Management in the later stage of persimmon planting

1. Increase fertilizer and water. The supply of fertilizer and water is not only the basis of persimmon fruit, but also the material guarantee of stable yield and yield. First of all, apply sufficient basic fertilizer, and apply 15-150 kg of farm manure, 0.5-5 kg of superphosphate and 1.5-15 kg of herbal ash per plant according to the age of each tree after fruit harvest in October, and apply quick-acting fertilizer once after the new shoots stop growing before flowering and before fruit expansion in August, in order to meet the nutrients needed for vigorous growth of trees, prevent buds and fruits, increase fruit setting rate and increase yield. Topdressing according to the tree size of urea 0.1-0.5 kg per plant, while fertilizing, timely watering to meet the water needed for the growth and development of persimmon and increase the yield.

2. Ploughing the soil. Ploughing the grass once a year in spring and summer to enhance root ventilation, mature soil, intercept Rain Water, improve the utilization rate of natural precipitation, timely deep ploughing in rainy season, keep soil loose, increase water storage capacity in rainy season, deep ploughing is beneficial to root growth, enhance root absorption function, improve fertilizer and water absorption capacity, and increase yield.

Persimmon trees are skillfully applied topdressing

The main results are as follows: 1. Persimmon is topdressing twice a year. For the first time, the whole tree was covered with grass in March in spring. The second time was in the period of rapid fruit expansion in late July. Topdressing was dominated by available fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage and potash fertilizer in the later stage. And mixed with appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer. Those who have irrigation conditions can top fertilizer on time, and those without irrigation conditions can topdressing according to the weather while rain. Generally, according to the size of the crown, each plant digs a number of small holes, which can be filled with soil after applying chemical fertilizer.

2. The amount of topdressing should be determined according to the crown size and load. Generally, mature trees apply 0.5kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 0.5kg of potassium fertilizer and 0.75kg of phosphate fertilizer. In the growing season, 0.5% urea, 200 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate or photosynthetic micro-fertilizer were sprayed with foliar fertilizer for 3 times for 4 times.

Insect control method of persimmon

The main pests of persimmon are shell worm, persimmon stem worm, persimmon caterpillar and so on. The main diseases are angular spot and round spot, comprehensive control measures:

1. In early winter, thoroughly clean the orchard, remove the persimmon stalks on the residual trees, and clean the fallen leaves, diseases, pests and branches around the persimmon trees, so as to remove the overwintering places of diseases and pests such as round spot, corner spot and persimmon stalk moth, and reduce the harm in the coming year.

2. In winter, the old thick warped skin on the trunk and big branch is scraped and destroyed, and the trunk is painted white after scraping, which can eliminate persimmon stalk worm and grass paramecium.

3. Chemical control, persimmon trees should be carefully sprayed with 5 Baomedu stone sulfur mixture before germination, and alternately spraying multi-dose Bordeaux solution, mancozeb and methyl topiramate from early June to early August for disease control, and according to the occurrence of insect pests, timely spraying control.

The cultivation of persimmon is relatively simple. It is generally propagated by grafting. In the south, it is best to plant persimmons in autumn. If you want persimmons to grow well in the later stage, you must do a good job of pruning and pest prevention. Persimmon is now very popular with consumers, generally processed into canned or persimmon to eat, so growing persimmon is of economic value.