Scientific planting techniques of cantaloupe

When it comes to cantaloupe, I believe many people will say that there are seeds in my family! Cantaloupe is fragrant and delicious, and many people like to eat it, and the cultivation of cantaloupe is very simple and easy to survive, so many people will plant a small piece of land at home, and there will be sweet and delicious melons to eat during the melon festival.

Scientific planting techniques of cantaloupe

To select land, prepare land, and make beds:

1. The previous crop is non-Cucurbitaceae crops, and the sandy soil with good drainage is the best.

2. Autumn ploughing. After autumn, 3000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer is applied every 667m2, deep ploughing, overwintering, storing rain and snow, weathering soil and eliminating diseases and insect pathogens. Spring rake: heavy rake after soil pulping, leveling the land.

3. Make beds. Cover the border with plastic film before the Qingming Festival, increase temperature and preserve soil moisture, ridging according to the row spacing of 150 cm, small row spacing of 60 cm (border north-south direction), ridge height of 20 cm, covered with plastic film; with the film, all the base fertilizer is applied. Generally, 20 kg of potassium sulfate ternary compound fertilizer is applied every 667 square meters. Double-film cultivation is planted in the shed at this time.

Sow:

1. Sowing date. The ground temperature of 5 cm stably passes through 12 ℃. It usually starts from April 15 to 20 in this area, and the suitable sowing time is 20 days.

2. Sowing seeds. First of all, dark irrigation under the film: a shallow ditch is reserved under the film, and the membrane mouth is supported by a stick when watering. This method is used to water more than 10 square meters of water per 667 square meters, which is much more water-saving than flood irrigation. After the water seeps, punch and plant, 3-4 grains per hole, covered with wet soil 2 cm.

3. Density. After Miaoqi, 2000,2500 seedlings were retained every 667 square meters.

Environmental requirements for cantaloupe planting

1. The best propagation time: the suitable sowing time for muskmelon cultivation is from August to October, and it should not exceed November 15 at the latest. Spring sowing can be from February to March, but it is better to ensure the harvest during Qingming Festival and Grain Rain Festival.

2. The best growth soil: the most suitable soil for the growth and development of muskmelon is deep soil, rich in organic matter, fertile and well-ventilated loam or sandy loam, and the soil with solid phase, gas phase and liquid phase each accounts for 1 inch 3.

3. Growth humidity requirements: cantaloupe is drought-resistant and not resistant to waterlogging, but because of its shallow roots, it requires high soil moisture; large leaf transpiration and low requirements for air humidity, especially thick-skinned cantaloupe, the air relative humidity is best controlled below 50%.

4. The optimum growth temperature: the suitable temperature for growth and development is 18-25 ℃. The suitable temperature for flowering and fruiting is 22-25 ℃. Its adaptability is wider than that of cucumber, and its resistance to low temperature is also very strong.

5, the best growth light: sufficient light is required, the sunshine time should be more than 10-12 hours every day, and keep 14-15 hours per day as usual, the melon grows well.

Matters needing attention in cantaloupe planting

1. Application of fertilizer: special attention should be paid to the application of potassium fertilizer during the growth period of muskmelon, which can obviously improve the quality of muskmelon. In order to control nitrogen fertilizer, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer will not only reduce the sweetness of muskmelon, but also cause excessive nitrite accumulation, which is harmful to human body. The principle of "controlling nitrogen, applying phosphorus and increasing potassium" should be grasped in the fertilization of muskmelon, and the combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be achieved.

2. Watering key points: after planting, the melon should be watered 2 times and 3 times. After the first time, when most melons grow to the size of eggs, 30 kg of ternary compound fertilizer will be applied with 667 square meters of water. Later, according to the environment and growth conditions, watering and topdressing according to local conditions should be avoided, dry and wet, so as to prevent cracking.

3. Pruning essentials: extensive management and simple pruning, that is, when the field leaf area coefficient is large in the middle and later stage, the top is simply topped with a stick to prevent the field from being covered. Double-vine pruning can also be used: when the main vine has 3 or 5 leaves, two strong vines are selected and extended evenly to the border surface; the sun vine knot melon, leaving two leaves in front of the melon to pick the heart, one for each grandson vine and three and five for each melon plant.

Fertilization and pest control

Cantaloupe fertilization is mainly based on base fertilizer, when 4 leaves heart buckle, in order to promote the occurrence of vines and the needs of initial fruit development, 15 kg of diammonium phosphate can be applied per mu, and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the leaves. After the first melon harvest, rotten water and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be applied per mu.

In principle, cantaloupe irrigation is based on control, no drought and no watering. It can be watered four times during the whole growth period. After the first planting, the first flower was watered with pre-flowering water before flowering, the third time when the melon grew to the size of the egg, and the fourth time, the foliar water was watered 10 days before fruit harvest.

Pest control: based on prevention, when planting, 70% dimethazone is mixed into medicinal soil with a ratio of 1: 5, which is applied to ammonium, or biological pesticide Nongkang 120 is used to irrigate roots to control Fusarium wilt and other root diseases. Grafting seedlings can also be used to control Fusarium wilt, and rootstocks can be used to remove southern black-grained pumpkins. Aphids can use the fumigated aphid No. 2 developed by Shenyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

Cantaloupe is a very common fruit with a sweet fragrance and a round shape like a small ball. if you cut it, you will find that there are many seeds besides the pulp. The edible value of cantaloupe is very high, whether it is used to entertain guests or eat at home, it is very good, economical and affordable!