The technique of planting cherry trees

When it comes to cherries, I believe everyone is very familiar with them. Although cherries are not often eaten as a fruit, it is believed that people who have eaten cherries will never forget, because cherries are very beautiful and attractive in appearance and delicious in taste. Although cherries are delicious, they are not so easy to grow. Planting cherries requires mastery of its planting skills.

The technique of planting cherry trees

1. First of all, it is necessary to choose a suitable planting soil and environment. The cherry tree is relatively large after it grows, so it is necessary to leave enough space for the cherry tree and choose a large enough space. The soil should be fertile and permeable. The requirement for the environment is to plant in the north and choose the place where there is less rain when the cherry is ripe, otherwise the cherry will crack.

2. To choose a suitable planting season, it is best to choose to plant just after winter and spring, otherwise it is difficult to survive. When planting cherries, at least two cherries are planted next to each other to pollinate each other, otherwise there may be no fruit.

3. Many people think that it is not feasible to plant cherry seeds with cherry seeds. Half of them buy a piece of cherry seedlings to plant or take the method of pressing branches to get cherry seedlings. When pressing the branches, cover the cherry branches into the soil two or three centimeters, then there will be roots the following year, and you can remove them.

Fertilizer and water management

According to our experimental observation, the soil management of cherry is better to irrigation and cover up in spring and stop ploughing and weeding in other seasons. Because the cover-up aggravates the effect of spring drought on plants, it has a good effect on fruit growth. Remove or bury the cover after the cherry is harvested. According to the calculation, the average adult garden should cover 2000,2500 kilograms of wheat stalk per mu. Cherry trees should be fertilized 3 or 4 times a year. That is:

1. Fertilization after fruit harvest is mainly to restore tree potential, promote flower bud differentiation and increase annual yield in the coming year. Immediately after fruit picking, apply stable manure, livestock manure and urine, and participate in excessive chemical fertilizer. According to the consequences, each plant should be treated with livestock manure 30kg and 60kg.

2. Fertilize before sprouting and blossom, and apply fertilizer mainly based on available nitrogen fertilizer. Each plant was treated with 1520 kg of livestock manure or 0.5 kg of urea.

3. The fruit was fertilized temporarily and entered the fruit development after flowering. For the consequence trees, quick-acting chemical fertilizer should be applied once, and appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be mixed.

4. apply base fertilizer from September to October in spring (from October to November in the north), in order to rejuvenate the tree and add the storage nutrition content in the plant. As the cherry takes only more than 40 days from flowering to fruit ripening, the amount of storage nutrition affects the size and quality of the fruit to a large extent. Therefore, the application of base fertilizer is very important, accounting for 50% to 70% of the annual fertilizer application. Should be based on inorganic fertilizer, such as compost, ring fertilizer, chicken manure, mature bean cake, etc., and should be excessive participation in calcium superphosphate or calcium phosphate fertilizer and so on.

Pest control

The secondary diseases and insect pests harmful to cherry trees are mulberry scale, diamondback moth, red-necked longicorn beetle, apple moth, golden beetle, beetle, pear heart borer and anthracnose, cherry leaf spot, bacterial perforation, gum disease, root and neck rot and so on. Comprehensive measures should be taken to control it. When pruning in summer, cut off and burn the disease and insect branches, and spray Baume 5-degree stone sulfur mixture once in the deciduous period; spray 1200 times of dimethoate and 1200 times of methyl topiramate once before the leaves stop growing in spring; spray 50% marathon emulsion 1000 times and 65% Dysen zinc 400 times 500 times from July to August.

Points for attention in planting cherries

1. Trial planting before development

Big cherry prefers warmth, cold tolerance, drought tolerance, waterlogging tolerance and fear of strong wind, so it is suitable for cultivation in areas with an annual average temperature of 10 ℃ ~ 15 ℃. Practice has proved that when the annual average temperature is higher than 15 ℃, big cherries tend to blossom more and set less fruit. The introduction and development of big cherries should not only depend on the local annual average temperature, precipitation, sunshine, frost-free period and other factors, but also carefully analyze the local microclimate characteristics, first trial planting, and then development.

2. Develop hard meat varieties resistant to storage and transportation.

At present, there are only more than a dozen excellent cherry varieties verified by cultivation, and each variety has some shortcomings. Such as the red light cultivated by our country, it has large fruit, bright color, juicy sweet taste, high and stable yield, but it enters the full fruit period late, the fruit skin is thin, the meat is soft, so it is not suitable for processing, storage and transportation, and is only suitable for small area planting. In the future, cherry varieties with beautiful appearance, hard pulp, good quality, light crack, resistance to storage and transportation, fresh food and processing should be selected.

3. Serious prevention of root cancer and virus diseases

The selection of excellent rootstocks suitable for local cultivation is the key to the success of cherry cultivation. The most important thing is to see whether the rootstock is resistant to root cancer and virus disease. In the old cherry producing areas, the development of big cherries must not use continuous cropping land, let alone use continuous cropping land to raise big cherry seedlings; in the newly developed cherry producing areas, under the premise of identifying improved varieties and rootstocks, we should strictly control root cancer and virus diseases.

4. Pollination and fruit thinning are required.

Most big cherry varieties do not bear fruit or have low seed setting rate, so they need cross-pollination. Some big cherry orchards with no high yield and suitable age for years and little fruit are not affected by freezing injury, but mainly due to unreasonable configuration of pollination trees, rare florescence and poor pollination. Pioneer and Rabins are all ideal pollination varieties. It is also necessary to timely remove the weaker fruit branches, remove the smaller flowers, and remove the small fruits and malformed fruits that are not in the right shape and position. It is appropriate to leave 2 or 3 fruits on each strong fruit branch.

Through the above content, I believe everyone has a certain understanding of cherry planting technology. Cherry is a kind of fruit which is difficult to grow, which not only requires strict environmental requirements, but also needs to be paid attention to in the later stage of management. Cherry is a very popular fruit, the annual sales are amazing, so planting good cherries to increase yield, the later benefit is also very considerable.