Citrus grafting technique

Citrus is a very common fruit in our life, often eaten and the therapeutic effect of preventing cancer, it is rich in nutrition, so it is highly sought after by people. As we all know, citrus is a kind of fruit that can be grafted, and some bad varieties will be improved after grafting, and its dominance is still very strong.

Citrus grafting technique

Generally, it is grafted in autumn from September to October, and the dew bud slice is used for abdominal grafting. First, at the smooth place where the rootstock is about 10-15 cm off the ground, the grafting knife is close to the trunk of the rootstock, and cut longitudinally from top to bottom, the incision is slightly xylem from shallow to deep, and the cut is about 2.5 cm long, which is slightly longer than that of bud graft. the rootstock skin is cut off 1 row at a time, and then cut the buds. Cut the bud slice: hold the scion with the left hand, and the grafting knife cuts down 15 °~ 20 °to the front of the bud from the top 1 of the bud. The length of the bud is about 2 cm, slightly with xylem, and then the bud is cut obliquely at 45 °at 3 places below the bud. Cross with the first knife to take off the bud, the base of the bud is wedge-shaped. Insert the bud piece into the bottom of the cutting of the rootstock, aim at the cambium on both sides, wrap the bud piece with a film strip of 20 cm long and 1 cm wide, expose the bud eye, and pay attention to the packing of each circle without leaving a gap.

Preparation before grafting

Bud grafting is usually carried out from September to October in autumn. The preparation of scion is mainly for autumn grafting. The mother tree that provides panicle harvesting should be propagated by a single plant with pure variety, high yield, stable yield, high quality, strong growth and no quarantine STD pests. In the ear picking nursery, 2.5 kg cake fertilizer + 0.25 kg compound fertilizer was applied in the first ten days of July, and in the middle of July, the long branches, single top fruit branches, sweeping branches, deciduous fruit branches and spring shoot vegetative branches were cut short, and according to the strength of the basal branches, three new shoots were selected to strengthen the control of leaf miner moth and anthracnose, and cultivate strong autumn shoots, so as to improve the survival rate and germination rate of grafting.

Benefits of citrus grafting

The main results are as follows: 1. Keep the good characters of the variety. Offspring bred by grafting can generally maintain the inherent traits of their parents, except for mutations.

2. Seedless or seedless citrus varieties can be propagated. Such as Wenzhou mandarin, navel orange and so on.

3. Early fruit and high yield can be achieved earlier. Grafted citrus seedlings usually begin to bear fruit 3-4 years later, and it usually takes 8.10 years for grafted citrus seedlings to begin to bear fruit.

4. Repair and cure diseases and injured trees. Due to foot rot, longicorn beetles and other pests damage to the root neck or branches, mechanical damage, etc., the rootstock can be replaced by grafting, and the damaged parts of the branches can be repaired by bridging to restore the health of the tree.

5. High grafting can be used to replace species. The plants that do not meet the needs, such as bad varieties, not high-yielding individual plants or trees, are replaced by high grafting method into the desired varieties. Different varieties can also be replaced on mineral trees and germplasm can be preserved centrally, or hybrid seedlings can be grafted on the crown of adult trees by high grafting method, which can bear fruit in advance, identify in advance and shorten the years of cross breeding.

How to improve the Survival rate of Citrus grafting

1. Before choosing fine weather for grafting, we should pay close attention to the weather forecast, grasp the weather trend, and observe the local weather changes. In case of overcast and rain, the soil is too wet after rain, foggy, low temperature and even sunny and high temperature weather, it is not suitable for grafting. In case of drought during grafting, permeable water should be irrigated 2-3 days in advance, and weak seedlings should be fertilized half a month in advance to improve the nutritional level of seedlings so as to facilitate the survival of grafting. However, it is not suitable to irrigate after grafting, let alone add chemical fertilizer.

2. To keep the scion fresh, it is best to collect the scion on the spot and pick it with you. Because of the fresh scion, more nutrition, strong vitality and high survival rate. If you need to buy scions from other places, scions that cannot be used up immediately can be stratified with moist and clean river sand or stone flowers. The humidity of the river sand should be extracted by reaching into the sand, with sand on the hands and no sand on the nails. If the hands are not stained with sand, they are too dry, and if the nails are stained with sand, they are too wet. The humidity of stone flowers should not be dripping.

3. Master a complete set of grafting techniques, including knife sharpening, bud cutting, rootstock opening, bud embedding and binding, etc. Each link is directly related to the success or failure of grafting and must be strictly grasped and required to be "flat, accurate, tight and strict". This means that the rootstock and scion are flattened, the cambium is accurate, and the film is tightly closed and tightly tied. The better the basic skill of grafting and the more skilled the technique, the higher the survival rate of grafting.

Citrus grafting must be well coated, there can be no gap between, so as to increase its survival rate. It is a good time for grafting in autumn every year, and partners in need can choose to do it during this period. However, grafting also has a certain impact, it is necessary to add one more year of cultivation time.