High-yield cultivation techniques of Citrus

Citrus has been cultivated in China for a long time, and China is also a big citrus producer in the world. Even so, the number of oranges eaten in our country every year is also very staggering. Therefore, increasing citrus production is also a topic that every grower is most concerned about. The high yield of citrus is closely related to its cultivation techniques.

High-yield cultivation techniques of Citrus

1. Dig planting holes: on sandy land with loose, fertile, deep soil layer and pH value of 6 ~ 7 at an altitude of 300 ~ 500m, turn over the soil before freezing, make it fully weathered, and open the pit. The width and depth of the pit is 0.8m × 0.7m, and the edge ditch should be deep all around. Dig holes according to the row spacing of 1.5 ~ 2 × 2 ~ 2.5m planting plants, apply sufficient rotten organic fertilizer 10kg in each hole, and cover the soil evenly.

2. Seedling planting: select robust seedlings for transplanting with soil, the seedlings are vertically planted in the center of the planting hole, compacted with soil around, then covered with soil for 3 ~ 5cm, about 60 ~ 80 plants per mu, timely pour through the fixed root water.

Methods of applying Winter Fertilizer to Citrus

In general, two methods can be used to apply winter fertilizer: one is radial ditch fertilization. 4-6 radial grooves were opened according to the size of the crown and along the direction of horizontal root growth. the bottom of the trench was shallower near the trunk and deeper to the projection of the crown. By using this method, the fertilizer distribution is wide, and the fertilization position can be changed every other year, the fertilizer application area can be expanded and the root absorption can be promoted, which is especially suitable for adult citrus orchards. Second, along the crown outside dig solitary or ring-shaped deep ditch, ditch depth of about 50 cm, ditch width depends on how much fertilizer. When digging trenches, the topsoil and subsoil should be stacked separately. The mature organic fertilizer or micro-fertilizer is applied to the lower layer, and the nitrogen fertilizer is put on the upper layer. When leveling the ditch, fill in the more fertile topsoil first, and fill the subsoil on the surface.

How to protect flowers and fruits of citrus

1. Guang Zeng Su 802 was used to protect flowers and fruits. Foliar spraying of Guangzengsu 802 can improve the function of leaves, increase leaf thickness, increase chlorophyll content, promote crown growth, enhance disease resistance of fruit trees, and have a significant effect on flower and fruit protection and fruit setting rate of fruit trees. it opened up a new way for high and stable yield and improving fruit quality of citrus. Guang Zengsu 802 was sprayed 2-3 times at the early flowering stage and fruit setting stage of citrus, and 20 kg of water was sprayed on the leaves every 10 grams of Guang Zengsu 802.

2. Foliar spraying fertilizer to protect flowers and fruits. In spring, citrus is in the stage of sprouting, flowering, vigorous division of young fruit cells and alternating between new and old leaves, which will consume a lot of stored nutrients, at the same time, the soil temperature is generally low, and the root absorption capacity is relatively poor, especially for orange trees with large flower quantity and poor tree potential. Foliar fertilizer spraying has a good effect on flower and fruit protection.

3. Rare earth is used to protect flowers and fruits. According to the experiment, spraying rare soil solution to protect flowers and fruits is the best to spray three times in the period of flower bud germination, bud initiation and young fruit expansion, the fruit setting rate has increased by 38.1%, and the yield has increased by 27.9%. In production practice, it is generally sprayed for the first time from flower bud germination to the initial bud stage, and the second time after the second physiological fruit drop, and the rare earth solution with a concentration of 300 mg / kg is generally used.

Basic methods of shaping and pruning of Citrus

1. Short cut: a short cut of the length of a branch is called a mild short cut, a short cut of 1 stroke 2 is a moderate short cut, and a short cut of 2 beat 3 to 3 beat 4 is called a heavy short cut. In addition to the full buds with tip advantage, heavy short shearing leaves less new shoots, so the growth is stronger and the branching rate is also strong. Medium short shears left more full buds, medium number of germinated shoots, medium growth and branching rate. There are more new shoots produced by light short shears, but the shoot growth and growth are weak. In shaping and pruning, different degrees of truncation treatment should be adopted according to the requirements of tree shape on the number and position of backbone branches and the actual growth of young trees.

2. Sparse pruning: for 1-2-year-old branches, which are completely cut off from the base, it is called thinning. Sparse pruning is mostly used to cut off too many dense and weak branches, clump branches, disease and insect branches, long branches, etc., to improve the light and nutrient distribution of the branches and tips of the remaining trees, so as to make them grow healthily, blossom and bear fruit, which is beneficial to the reproductive growth, early fruiting and early high yield of the trees.

3. Pick the heart: before the new shoot stops growing, remove the first part of the new tip according to the required length of plastic surgery, and retain the required length. Its effect is similar to truncation. Coring can restrict the elongation of new shoots and grow  , promote thickening and growth, and make the shoot tissue firm. After coring, the new shoot, after the first bud is mature, also has the apical advantage, can produce robust branches, and reduce its branch height to achieve the requirements of plastic surgery.

4. Scratching: it can be used to add main branches when young trees are reshaped. When the main branch is missing in the vacancy of the crown, a bud can be selected in the appropriate part of the trunk before sprouting in spring, and a knife is cut across the top of the bud to reach the xylem, which has a strong effect of promoting the germination of hidden buds or the growth of branches. Make it produce new shoots or make weak branches grow stronger, so as to meet the requirements of cultivating main branches.

5. Branch pulling: during the shaping period of young trees, rope traction, bamboo stick support and stone hanging can be used to change the growth direction of the main branches and side branches of the plant to meet the requirements of the azimuth angle and the angle between the big branches. so as to adjust the distribution and growth of backbone branches. This is an effective technical measure commonly used in shaping and cultivating skeleton branches such as main branches and lateral branches of young citrus trees.

If you want to have a high citrus yield, both early cultivation and late management should be done in place. Problems in any of these links will have a great impact on its yield. Pruning the branches at the right time every year will increase its fruit setting rate and make it grow better.