Scientific planting techniques of Peach trees

Soil: neutral acid soil should be selected. Temperature: the annual average temperature can grow and develop normally in the area with an annual average temperature of 12-17 ℃. Lighting: peach trees like light, lack of light will lead to less flower bud differentiation, poor quality, falling flowers and fruits, and so on. Reproduction: optional cutting, grafting, sowing and other methods. Fertilization: mainly available fertilizer, generally topdressing 2-3 times a year. Management: deep ploughing and applying base fertilizer around the canopy from November to December every year. Pruning: reasonable pruning to prevent overgrowth.

Every spring, the peach blossoms in Taolin are in full bloom. At first glance, there are groups of pink and tender flowers, which are very beautiful and spectacular, attracting many tourists to come and watch. Peach trees are not only beautiful, but also produce very delicious fruit. So how to plant peach trees?

Scientific planting techniques of Peach trees

1. Cutting

Use hardwood cuttings in spring and soft wood cuttings in Meiyu season. Cuttings must grow sturdily and fully. The hardwood cutting time is mainly in spring, and the cuttings are cut at an oblique angle of about 20 cm. In order to prevent disease infection and promote rooting, the lower end of the cuttings are best treated with 50% carbendazim 600-1200 times solution, quickly dipped in indolebutyric acid 750-4500 mg/L, the plant row distance is 4cm × 30 cm, and the cutting depth is 2 cm 3 of the cuttage length.

2. Grafting

The propagation rootstocks are mostly used for mountain peach or peach seedlings (this rootstock), and the survival rates of branch grafting and bud grafting are higher.

Branch grafting: when the buds have begun to sprout in March. Commonly used cutting, rootstocks with 2012 seedlings are better.

Bud grafting: carried out from July to August, mostly in the shape of "Ding". It is better for rootstocks to have full annual seedlings.

3. Sowing seeds

The flowering period of peach is from March to April and the ripening period is from June to August. Harvest ripe fruit, pile up and mash, remove pulp, dry and collect pure seedling seeds can be sown in autumn. Soak the seeds for 5-7 days before sowing. The autumn seeder sprouted early in the following year, the emergence rate was high, and the growth was rapid and strong. When sowing in the next spring, seedling seeds need to be stored in wet sand for more than 120 days. Strip sowing is used, the banner is 10 cm, the depth is 1-2 cm, and the soil is covered 6 cm after sowing. 25-30 kg per 667 square meters of sowing children. Seedlings 3 cm high, fixed seedlings, plant spacing 20-25 cm.

Planting conditions of peach trees

1. Soil

Peach trees have a strong ability to adapt to the soil, and the general soil can be planted, and the neutral and sour soil grows better. When the soil pH is lower than 4 or higher than 8, the growth is seriously affected. In the aspect of adaptation to soil texture, the cultivation of sandy loam with good drainage, strong permeability and fertile soil is better, which is characterized by early fruit and good quality. If the soil is too fertile, the texture is too sticky, it is easy to grow too prosperous, the fruit is late, the early yield is low, the quality is poor, the taste is light and the fruit is small.

2. Temperature

Peach trees adapt to a wide range of temperature. Except for the extremely cold and hot areas from plain to altitude, the annual average temperature is 12-17 ℃. The optimum temperature for peach growth is 18-23 ℃, and the optimum temperature for fruit ripening is about 25 ℃. Too low or too high temperature during the growing period of peach trees will affect the normal growth of peach trees. If the temperature is too low, the growth of peach trees is abnormal, the fruit is not easy to mature, the temperature is too high, the branches are easy to burn, the fruit quality is decreased, and the southern varieties are more tolerant to high temperature.

3. Moisture

Peach is native to the continental plateau, which is resistant to drought, excessive rainfall, easy to grow branches and leaves, poor quality of flower bud differentiation, small quantity, poor fruit coloring, light taste, poor quality and not resistant to storage. Because each variety group formed different requirements for water under different climatic conditions for a long time, the southern variety group was resistant to humid climate and performed well in the south, while the northern variety group was easy to cause overgrowth, few flower buds, poor fruit and low quality in the south. Therefore, when selecting cultivated varieties, we should pay attention to the type of population in order to avoid trouble in production.

4. Lighting

Light is essential to plant photosynthesis. Peach trees especially like light, lack of light, extended treetops, less flower bud differentiation, poor quality, suitable for falling flowers and fruits, so artificial light is too weak when planting peach trees in the greenhouse. To ensure normal growth.

Soil management

1. Rational fertilization

After years of practice, the requirement of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for peach trees is about 0.5 kg of nitrogen, 0.3 kg of phosphorus and 0.6 kg of potassium for every 100 kg of fruit produced by adult trees. When base fertilizer is applied in autumn, peach trees can heal in a short period of time and send out new roots, which is beneficial to the storage of nutrition.

Peach topdressing is mainly quick-acting fertilizer, and the application period and times should be flexibly controlled according to the growth of peach trees, generally 2-3 times a year. Topdressing for the first time before flowering and at the beginning of root activity in early spring to ensure good fertilization of peach blossoms and improve fruit setting rate. For the second time, before the hard core, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were applied together to promote the development of embryo and nucleus and the growth and expansion of fruit. The weight of two times of topdressing was that the early maturing variety was heavier in the early stage than in the later stage, and the late maturing variety was heavier in the late stage than in the early stage.

2. Other soil management

After planting, deep ploughing was carried out around the canopy from November to December every year, with a depth of 20-30cm, combined with deep ploughing and applying base fertilizer.

Pruning of peach trees

After the peach tree planting number, proper pruning is also very good, generally many people like to put the peach tree into a natural happy shape. The height of the fixed stem is about 60 cm, leaving 3-4 main cinnamon, 1-2 secondary main branches per main branch, and fewer branchlets on the main and secondary main branches as far as possible. The pruning period includes winter pruning and summer pruning.

Although the first fruiting tree has borne fruit, it has exuberant growth, many overgrown branches and dense shoots, so it is necessary to adopt summer pruning measures such as wiping buds, coring and twisting shoots, so as to suppress the strong and help the weak, keep the tree body balanced, and peach trees in full fruit. due to the fruit for many years, the tree potential has eased, the proportion of long branches and secondary branches decreased significantly, the proportion of medium and short fruit branches increased, and the over-dense branches and top strong branches should be deleted to improve the light conditions between the shoots. Weak branches should be renewed in a timely manner.

Peach trees are very easy to grow, with tenacious vitality and easy to grow. However, do not plant blindly, it is necessary to understand the living habits of peach trees and scientific planting methods. The above are some peach planting techniques summarized by the editor. I hope they can help you who want to plant peach trees.