Planting technique of Cherry in greenhouse

Things are scarce, and high-priced cherries have huge market opportunities. The greater the demand, the greater the opportunities. The cultivation of cherries has become a big agricultural project to get rich. But now the cultivation of cherries in Baoshan is close to market saturation, so cultivating cherries in the greenhouse has become another opportunity. Compared with ordinary cultivation, greenhouse cultivation has no choice of season, and the ripening time is earlier than ordinary planting. And greenhouse planting can better defend against the impact of birds and insects on cherries and reduce costs.

Planting technique of Cherry in greenhouse

1. Suitable varieties: excellent early-maturing varieties or mid-early-maturing varieties should be selected in greenhouse cherry, as well as short-branch varieties and strong self-fruiting varieties. Caiyang dwarf cherry is suitable for its rootstock, and the row spacing can be 2.0-2.5 m × 3.0-3.5 m. Specific varieties vary from region to region.

2. Construction greenhouse: the construction time of vegetable greenhouse should be determined according to the facilities of greenhouse and the time of fresh fruit on the market. Generally, in the third year after planting, when the plant forms a certain amount of flower buds, it can cover the greenhouse. Choose the arch round vegetable greenhouse (quilt arch shed), north-south direction, good light and uniform light in the greenhouse, the area of the single shed is about 3 mu. The timing of vegetable greenhouse construction should be accurate, and greenhouse construction should be carried out after the cherry trees are naturally dormant (roughly from late January to early February).

3. Temperature and humidity management: before germination, 18-20 ℃ during day, 2-5 ℃ at night, air relative humidity 80%; flowering day 20-22 ℃, night 5-7 ℃, air relative humidity 50-60%; from anthesis to fruit expansion stage, 22-25 ℃ during day, 10-12 ℃ at night, air relative humidity 60%; fruit coloring to harvest, 22-25 ℃ during day, 12-15 ℃ at night, air relative humidity 50%.

4. Flowering stage management: due to the limitation of environmental conditions in vegetable greenhouse, the quality of leaves before fruit harvest is poor, the photosynthetic capacity of leaves is low, and the fruit yield is high, which can easily lead to plant nutrient depletion and plant death. therefore, it is necessary to strengthen flowering management, reasonable load, and improve the nutrient level of tree storage.

① increased the fruit setting rate. The main technical measures to improve the fruit setting rate are as follows: starting 10 days before flowering, releasing air every day at noon in sunny days to make the flower organs exercise as soon as possible, accept a certain amount of direct light, and improve the quality of flower bud development; artificial pollination, pollination can be carried out from flowering to the third day after flowering, but pollination on the same day is the best; bee pollination; spraying 50 × 10-6GA3 or 300 times rare earth fertilizer at full flowering can effectively increase the fruit setting rate. About 10 days after flowering, picking the heart of the new shoot in time to prevent the new fruit from competing for nutrients with the growth of young fruit has a significant effect on improving the fruit setting rate.

② sparse buds. The principles of thinning late flowers, weak flowers and developing flowers on branches should be mastered in thinning flower buds.

③ thinning fruit. Fruit thinning should be carried out after the physiological fruit drop, and the degree of fruit thinning depends on the fruit setting of the whole plant. Generally, a bouquet-shaped short fruit branch has 4 fruits at most and 4 fruits at most. When thinning fruit, we should pay attention to thinning small fruit, weak fruit, leaving horizontal or upward fruit.

④ promoted fruit swelling and coloring. Spraying amino acid compound microfertilizer before calyx removal after flowering can significantly improve leaf quality and chlorophyll content, increase leaf thickness, improve photosynthetic efficiency, and promote fruit expansion and coloring; during fruit coloring, remove leaves that block fruit sunlight, pay special attention to removing leaves from shaded fruit shoots, but it should be noted that leaf photosynthates on fruit shoots have an effect on flower bud formation in the second year, so you can't pick too many leaves. In order to improve fruit coloring, a reflective film can be laid under the canopy for 15 days before harvest to increase the light reflection under the canopy and promote fruit coloring.

5. Shaping and pruning: the light condition of vegetable greenhouse is poor, so the delayed happy shape or spindle shape with better light should be adopted; the task of pruning throughout the year should be completed in summer; the branches should be pulled and the branch angle should be adjusted before the greenhouse construction; the new shoots should be continuously coring for a long time to control the prosperous growth.

Pay attention to the scale of cherry development

Control the scale of development, adhere to suitable land and planting, and improve the quality of industrial development. More rotten, less broken is the basic law of the development of agricultural products, such as a few years ago, the development of China's apple industry is too large, resulting in overcapacity, large-scale destruction of gardens in many places, resulting in a great waste of financial resources and manpower. In the production of big cherry, we should pay attention to avoid this phenomenon, after all, big cherry is a seasonal fruit.

At present, because the matching of transportation and storage measures can not keep up with the conditions for a large number of exports, sales are mainly domestic, and domestic sales are high in price, limited in consumer groups, over-development and high risk coefficient, so it is necessary to control the scale of development and adhere to appropriate development. The development of big cherry should adapt to its intolerant characteristics of storage and transportation, the production base should be close to the market, priority should be given to the development in areas with convenient transportation, so that the products can enter the market, reduce the loss, and avoid large-scale development in remote mountainous areas and places with inconvenient transportation. to prevent leaving greater hidden dangers to the industry.

Excellent varieties of cherry

Actively popularize fine varieties and carry out improved varieties cultivation. Different varieties have different production capacity and resistance. Varieties with high production capacity and strong resistance should be selected in production to lay a good foundation for efficient production. In the cultivation of big cherry, dwarfing has an absolute advantage, especially in protected cultivation, dwarfing is beneficial to control the growth of trees, promote early fruit and increase yield.

Cherry trees and fruits

Strengthen the tree control effect, inhibit vegetative growth, in order to facilitate flowering and fruiting. Big cherry is a strong growth potential Qiaohua fruit tree, improper control of the tree body, strong main branches, large number of long branches, ineffective nutrition consumption, not conducive to fruit setting, low fruit setting rate in production, and serious annual fruit bearing phenomenon, so controlling tree potential is one of the key measures in cherry management, which should not be ignored.

The cost of greenhouse cherry may be larger than that of traditional planting, but it can shorten the gap in many aspects in the later stage, and even lower the cost than traditional planting. The use of pesticides may be much less, which is a cost reduction for planting and a synonym for green health for consumers.