Scientific cultivation techniques of Chaotian Pepper

Chaotian pepper belongs to a variety of pepper. This kind of pepper is famous for its spiciness. People usually dry them and make dried chili peppers into chili oil or hot pot base to eat. And the price of Chaotian pepper is relatively high, which is cultivated in many parts of our country.

Scientific cultivation techniques of Chaotian Pepper

1. Sowing and raising seedlings. Timely early sowing is one of the important measures for high yield of Chaotian pepper, so it is better to wait for seedlings than to wait for seedlings. The seedbed is 1 meter wide, no more than 10 meters long, 20 centimeters high around, and 0.5 meters high in the arch shed. A large area of seedling bed of 810 square meters is needed for each one mu. Apply 400 jin of high-quality mature fertilizer, 1 jin of urea and 0.2 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to every 10 square meters of seedbed, dig into the soil, then pour the bottom water, and after the water seeps dry, cut it into square square with a knife, and point 2 seeds in each square. Disinfect the seedbed with 50% carbendazim 800 / 1000 times before sowing. Sow the seeds 130mm 150g per mu of transplanting land, and sow them at noon on a windless sunny day. The method is to pour enough water on the neat surface of the box, then sow the seeds after infiltration, and then cover the seeds with sifted fine soil 0.5 cm thick, not too thin, cover them with plastic film immediately after sowing, and seal them with soil all around.

2. Seedbed management. In the early stage, the soil temperature was kept at 20: 28 ℃ in the daytime and 15: 18 ℃ at night, and the soil temperature of the seedling bed was not lower than 18 ℃. In the later stage, it kept 1.5: 20 ℃ in daytime and 5: 10 ℃ at night. If the temperature is too low, it can be covered with grass curtain to keep warm and cold, and if it is too high, it can be cooled in the form of "letting out". Adhere to the principle of gradual and orderly progress, must not suddenly uncover the film, suddenly cover the film. If you pour enough bottom water, generally do not water, if really need watering, each watering can not be too much, later can spray 0.2% urea plus 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to lift seedlings. Fresh film is required. Note that the film should be opened for light during the day, and the grass curtain or film should be properly opened and ventilated in cloudy days when the bed temperature is not lower than 16 ℃. Generally 3-5 days to grow a true leaf, when growing to 4-5 leaves, press 3 cm square to leave a seedling, and pull out the weeds in the seedbed. Sudden fall, blight and anthracnose were controlled with 50% carbendazim 800 × 1000 times and 75% chlorothalonil 600 × 800 times, and aphids were killed with 2800 times liquid enemies.

The best sowing time of Chaotian pepper

Generally around the middle of March, choose a continuous sunny day without wind and sow seeds in the morning. In North China, spring direct seeding is usually sown before and after Grain Rain, choosing sunny and warm weather to sow seeds. The row spacing is about 40 cm, the sowing depth is 2 cm, the sowing depth should be consistent, the seed should be uniform, cover the soil above the sowing ditch, and pay attention to preserving soil moisture.

Manage fertilizer and water scientifically and improve the quality of pepper fruit

Combined with watering slow seedling water, early light application of seedling fertilizer, 10 kg urea per 667 square meters, and then ploughing and squatting seedlings. Chaotian pepper is for the purpose of harvesting mature fruit. In addition to nitrogen fertilizer, we should also pay attention to the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and micro-fertilizer. Special attention should be paid to spraying boron, manganese, zinc and other compound micro-fertilizer on the leaf surface, which can make the leaves dark green, plant strong, and prevent falling flowers and fruits. Wheat pepper should be topdressing 40kg potassium sulfate compound fertilizer for every 667 square meters after wheat harvest. After the pepper fruit begins to turn red, it is necessary to control watering to promote the fruit ripening, and to control the vigorous growth in case of heavy rain, otherwise the plant will grow green and the fruit quality will be reduced.

Prevention and control of insect pests of Chaotian pepper

1. Small land tiger. Prevention and control method: trap and kill prevention and treatment. First, black light traps and kills adults; second, sugar and vinegar solution traps and kills adults, 6 parts of sugar, 3 parts of vinegar, 1 part of liquor, 1 part of 90% trichlorfon, or adding appropriate amount of pesticides with kimchi water, all have trapping and killing effect. The third is to pile up grass to trap and kill the larvae. before planting the chili, you can choose the weeds that the tigers like to eat, such as gray vegetables, thorns, bitter cabbage, small whorls, alfalfa, Artemisia annua, white grass, goose grass, and so on, to pile up and trap the tiger larvae, or catch them artificially, or mix them with chemicals to kill them. Chemical control. The resistance of the 1st-3rd instar larvae is poor and exposed to host plants or on the ground, which is the appropriate period for chemical control. It can be sprayed with 3000 times of 21% cyanothrin EC, 2.5% deltamethrin or 20% fenvalerate, 2000 times of bromine horse EC, 2000 times of trichlorfon and 50% phoxim.

2. Tobacco green worm. Control methods: in the main seed production areas, such as perennial tobacco green insects are seriously harmful, trapping zones can be planted nearby to attract overwintering adults to lay eggs, which is easy to eliminate. Remove the decayed fruit in time to prevent the larvae from turning to the fruit. Chemical control. The first generation larvae were controlled in the first and middle of June, the second and third generation larvae were controlled from the middle of July to the middle and late August, and the control of the fourth and fifth generation larvae was determined according to the development and damage of insect pests in September and October. It can be sprayed with 90% crystal trichlorfon 3000 times, 10% permethrin 3000 times, 25% cyhalothrin 4000 times, 20% fenpropathrin 3000 times or 2.5% trichlorfon 4000-6000 times.

The cultivation techniques of Chaotian pepper focus on site selection and nursery bed management, do not choose low-lying areas for cultivation, Chaotian pepper can not have stagnant water, otherwise it will cause the phenomenon of rotting roots. The temperature of the seedling bed should be well controlled and timely sterilization and pest prevention should be carried out. Good management in the later stage will lead to high yield of Chaotian pepper.