Cultivation techniques of Toona sinensis

Toona sinensis has become a delicacy on people's table since ancient times, and it has rich nutritional value and certain therapeutic effect. The planting of Toona sinensis has also become a popular choice, and the planting of Toona sinensis has high environmental requirements and cultivation techniques. Next, let's take a look at the planting knowledge of Toona sinensis.

Cultivation techniques of Toona sinensis

Toona sinensis bud is a kind of woody vegetable with high nutritional value. Toona sinensis can be propagated by seeds, or by plant division or cutting. Toona sinensis is mostly cultivated in the open field, and the dwarfing and dense planting technique is widely used. This method can not only sow directly, but also raise seedlings and transplant. The row spacing is 50cm and the plant spacing is 10~15cm. It can also be planted in clusters, row spacing 200cm, cluster spacing 100cm, 3-5 plants per hole. When the seedling height is close to 200cm, the top tip is removed and the lateral branches germinate to form three layers of backbone branches, and the spacing of each layer is about 40, 60 and 70cm, respectively. This method has stable yield and strong cold and drought resistance. In order to improve the planting benefit, Toona sinensis can be cultivated in protected area. It is necessary to dwarf and reshape the plants for protected cultivation. The suitable planting density per mu is 2000-6000 plants. For the current year-old plants, when the seedlings grow to 4-6 true leaves in the first ten days of May, they can be planted according to wide and narrow rows, with wide rows of 80cm, narrow rows of 50cm, and plant spacing of 16~50cm. In early July, when the seedlings grow to 40~50cm high, they can promote dwarfing cultivation, and in the middle of August, they will be coring again. Specific to the heart-picking time of each plant should be controlled flexibly. For more than two-year-old plants, the apical dominance can be broken by flat stubble, the occurrence of branches can be promoted, and the purpose of dwarfing can be achieved. Generally, flat stubble in late June is appropriate, which can achieve the effect of dwarfing, clumping, multi-branching and full terminal bud. Toona sinensis is suitable for growing in neutral or weakly alkaline soil. Toona sinensis is a kind of tree species that likes moisture and avoids waterlogging. Stagnant water should be eliminated in time after rain.

Environmental requirements for planting Toona sinensis

1. Temperature

Toona sinensis is sensitive to temperature and can be cultivated at an annual average temperature of 8-20 ℃. The suitable growth temperature is 16-25 ℃, and the most suitable growth temperature is 20-25 ℃. Toona sinensis is relatively tolerant to low temperature. The adult tree can tolerate the low temperature of-20 ℃ for a long time, but the cold tolerance of one-year-old Toona sinensis seedlings is poor, the trunk can freeze to death at-10 ℃, and the cold tolerance of root tillers is the same as that of big trees. Toona sinensis can sprout when the daily average temperature reaches 10 ℃.

2. Lighting

Toon trees not only like light, but also avoid light. Xiguang means that a higher yield can be obtained with sufficient light. Avoid light refers to Toona sinensis dry habit of strong light direct light, long-term acceptance is direct sunlight, prone to partial trunk phenomenon and sunburn disaster.

3. Soil

Toona sinensis likes the deep, fertile calcareous soil. The growth is the most luxuriant on green sandy soil and Erhe soil.

4. Moisture

Toon trees like to be wet and avoid waterlogging. In the case of stagnant water for about 7 days, the mortality rate of Toona sinensis under 4 years old reached 100%, but when it was too dry, its growth decreased significantly. Toona sinensis has a well-developed root system and has a certain ability of drought resistance, and excessive humidity is more disadvantageous to the growth of Toona sinensis than drought.

Protective measures of Toona sinensis overwintering

The overwintering cultivation of Toona sinensis in a plastic greenhouse was used to protect the overwintering cultivation of Toona sinensis. After falling leaves in autumn, the transplanted Toona sinensis plants were dug out with 1 bundle for every 50 plants, poured mud on the roots and planted in the shade. The method: in the middle and last ten days of November, a ditch with a depth of 50 cm and a width of 50 cm was dug behind the house, and the bundled plants were tilted and erected in the ditch, and the roots were filled with soil and watered once to penetrate to the bottom of the ditch, and then kept moist, and passed through the dormancy period after a low temperature of about 15 days. Then planted in the prepared greenhouse (row, plant spacing same as above). The temperature in the shed was kept at 18: 24 ℃ during the day and 12: 14 ℃ at night. After 40-50 days, the first batch of Toona sinensis buds could be harvested and put on the market. In protected cultivation, the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened to increase the yield of Toona sinensis.

Field management of Toona sinensis

1. Fertilizer and water

After planting live trees, fertilizer and water should be applied in time, combined with intermediate ploughing and weeding to promote the rapid growth of seedlings.

2. Disease and pest control

The pests of Toona sinensis, such as Toona sinensis, Dendrolimus punctatus, Monochamus alternatus, etc., can be sprayed with 800x trichlorfon solution in larval stage and 1500 times dimethoate in adult stage. The diseases include leaf rust and powdery mildew, which can be controlled by 500 times trimethoprim. Clean the countryside in winter and reduce the overwintering base of diseases and insect pests.

3. Pruning

After the harvest of Toona sinensis buds in spring every year, from mid-June to early July, the trunk was pruned (beheaded) at a height of 20 cm above the ground to promote the lateral buds to germinate into new branches. From late July to early August, according to the strength of the new branch growth, the strong growth can be topped in advance, on the contrary, the topping can be postponed, combined with fertilizer and water management to promote the formation of full terminal buds. Toona sinensis bud growth period is short, should eat early, eat fresh, eat tender, there is a proverb "Toona sinensis buds as tender as silk before rain, as wood buds after rain". The harvest standard is purple-red bud with a length of 10 cm and 15 cm. When harvesting, the top buds should be picked first and then the lateral buds. If the terminal buds are not harvested, the lower lateral buds will be difficult to grow or grow poorly. When picking buds, gently pick the petiole by hand, tie it into small bundles of 100g to 200g, seal it with plastic bags to prevent water loss and wilt, and improve the quality of the market. The buds can be harvested 3 times and 4 times a year, with a yield of 400 kg and 500 kg.

After reading the above cultivation techniques of Toona sinensis, as well as related knowledge, have you mastered the skills? We must choose a reasonable and scientific method to plant Toona sinensis. Only in this way can we ensure the healthy growth of Toona sinensis and reap the economic value of Toona sinensis.