The method of accelerating germination of eggplant seed

Eggplant is one of the vegetables we often eat. Have you ever seen eggplant seeds? I believe many people will say that they have not seen it. In fact, people who have eaten eggplant seeds have seen it. There will be some gray seeds inside the eggplant cut. This small seed is the seed of eggplant, so how can eggplant seeds germinate?

The method of accelerating germination of eggplant seed

1. Seed treatment

First, remove the impurities from the seeds, soak them in 25 ℃ warm water for 30 minutes, then scrub them many times to remove the pectin attached to the seed coat, wash them and then scald the seeds.

2. Hot seed at high temperature

First soak the treated seeds with a little cold water, then add hot water about 90 ℃ to make the water temperature reach 75 ℃ and keep it for 5 minutes (add hot water when the temperature drops). Stir quickly while pouring hot water to avoid scalding the seeds until the water temperature drops to 30 ℃. Continue soaking the seeds in the greenhouse. High temperature blanching can soften the seed coat rapidly, increase the cracks and promote the respiration of embryo cells.

3. Sprouting by changing temperature

Accelerating germination by changing temperature can make the seeds germinate earlier and the buds are stout and consistent, alternating between 30 ℃ for 16 hours and 20 ℃ for 8 hours every day and night. Soak the seeds for 8 hours (including scrubbing and ironing time), then dry them, spread them on the gauze for 8 / 12 hours, soak for 4 / 6 hours, and then air for another 8 / 12 hours until the hands are wet and sticky. This process makes the water slowly infiltrate into the seed, prevents the seed coat from absorbing too much water and affects the air permeability, which can fully meet the needs of water and oxygen during seed germination, especially the latter drying can make the internal water film disappear and increase the air permeability. The seeds are turned once every 3 to 4 hours to facilitate ventilation and heat evenly. Do not wash too frequently, generally do not need to wash in the first two days, the third day (seeds begin to sprout) can be washed once, spread out for 4 hours after washing and then continue to sprout. no, no, no.

4. Soaking seeds with medicament

(1) after soaking the seeds at room temperature, the seeds were treated with 10% trisodium phosphate for 20 minutes to control tmv virus.

(2) soak the seeds with 0.1% carbendazim and 0.1% methyl topiramate for 1 hour, then soak them in clean water, and then sprout 3 hours later. To eliminate Verticillium wilt of eggplant.

(3) if the seeds are not soaked in warm water, 40% formalin 300 times solution can be used to control eggplant brown stripe disease by soaking seeds for 15 minutes.

How to sow seeds

1, seedbed refurbishment: the bed soil should choose the field soil that has not been planted with eggplant fruit. After sieving, the seedbed is 1.2 meters wide, 5-6 meters long and 10 centimeters thick. Add 1 kilogram of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the soil of each seedbed and mix well. It is required that the seedling bed should be virtual and solid, flat and without bumps, and all the bed soil should be screened. Pour water after finishing, drop the ground temperature, in order to facilitate seed germination.

2. Medicament treatment: 50% carbendazim wettable powder and 50%DT fungicide are used on the seedling bed. Prepare according to 10 grams per square meter and mix with 5 kilograms of dry fine soil.

3. Sowing: the seeds to be soaked and dried are scattered evenly on the seedbed. Before sowing, sprinkle the medicinal soil of 1 and 3 on the seedbed before sowing the seeds. After the seeds are sown, cover the remaining 2 Accord 3 medicinal soil on the seeds, then cover the sifted fine soil 1-1.2 cm thick, and then cover the plastic film.

4, post-sowing management: keep 25-30 ℃ during the day and 16-20 ℃ at night, shading should be carried out when the temperature is high, the old agricultural film can be covered on the bamboo arch, but it can only be covered at the top, and the surrounding should be ventilated and transparent, preferably with a sunshade net, both shading and insect prevention, the effect is good.

Management after seedling division

1. Management of temperature and light. The small arch shed was supported on the bed surface to increase the temperature, restore the root growth of eggplant seedlings as soon as possible, and promote slow seedlings. During the slow seedling period after seedling division, it is appropriate to shade at noon; after seedling retardation, it is appropriate to make the seedlings see more light, that is, open the greenhouse film in the daytime and cover it at night. Generally, the growth can be restored in 5 to 7 days. The flower buds of eggplant seedlings differentiate into two-leaf and one-heart stage. In order to increase the number of female flowers and promote the low position of flowering nodes, the temperature should be adjusted to about 27 ℃ in daytime and 20 ℃ at night. If it is in the condition of low temperature in this stage, the flower bud differentiation is slow. At the 4-leaf stage, the flower bud differentiation was completed, and the management of temperature and humidity returned to normal.

2. Watering the seedbed. Neither overwatering nor over-controlling moisture. When the topsoil is dry and the seedlings wilt slightly at noon, they should be properly watered in the morning on a sunny day. Under the condition of normal seedling growth, the principle is to keep the border surface dry and wet.

Fertilization management

If the bed soil organic fertilizer is sufficient, the seedling growth is normal, generally do not need topdressing. At the seedling stage, if it is found that the color of the seedlings is light green and the seedlings are thin and weak, quick-acting chemical fertilizers can be applied appropriately with watering, that is, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea are dissolved in a ratio of 1 ∶ 1 in warm water, and 0.5% solution is sprayed in a spray can, and then sprayed again with clean water to prevent burns to the leaves. ④ refines seedlings. When it reaches a certain seedling age, it can be transplanted, and one week before planting, it is necessary to lower the temperature and humidity to train the seedlings. The seedlings were raised in early spring at 15 ℃ ~ 20 ℃ in daytime and 10 ℃ ~ 5 ℃ at night. Summer and autumn seedlings gradually remove the sunshade net and properly control moisture.

Now everyone knows how to make eggplant seeds germinate and grow. In fact, it is necessary to sow seeds in time after budding, otherwise the survival rate is not high! And in the later stage, we should also pay attention to strengthen management and do a good job in pest control. When the eggplant is ripe in summer, it will be full of small and lovely eggplant satisfaction.