Techniques of soilless cultivation of Toona sinensis buds

Toona sinensis is a delicacy in early spring. It emits a special fragrance. Many people like to eat it because of its advantage. In the past, eating Toona sinensis was wild, but now there are large-scale planting bases and certain cultivation patterns. Soilless cultivation is a relatively new cultivation technique in recent years, and Toona sinensis can also be cultivated by this technology.

Techniques of soilless cultivation of Toona sinensis buds

1. Site selection. Greenhouse, greenhouse, idle workshop or bungalow and other sites with protective facilities can be selected for cultivation. The indoor area can be determined according to the production scale.

2. Spraying equipment: Toona sinensis sprouts do not need to be watered in the production process, and atomization water supply is required, that is, water supply can neither impact the seedlings nor make water accumulate in the plate. Agricultural back-to-back sprayers are generally used, and automatic micro-spraying devices and timers can also be installed to spray water automatically.

3. Seed storage. In the cultivation of Toona sinensis sprouts, the new seeds with high germination rate, purity and purity and full seeds should be selected. If the annual sprouting vegetable production is carried out, the seeds should be stored at the temperature of 1-5 ℃ in order to maintain a high germination rate.

4. Seed treatment before sowing. High temperature scalding: blanch the seeds with 55-70 ℃ hot water. Sprouting and sowing can be harvested 5-7 days earlier than direct seeding, and the buds are strong, easy to manage, and diseases are obviously reduced.

5. Sow seeds. When the buds grow to 0.2~0.5cm, the seeds can be sown. If the bud is too long, it is easy to be damaged when sowing; if the bud is too short, it is easy to mix the seeds that can not sprout, resulting in rotten seeds and rotten buds after sowing, affecting the growth of the whole disk of sprouts, prolonging the growth period of sprouts and increasing the cost of production.

6. Stacking plates. Stack the sown cultivation plates together, about 15-20 plates as a stack, crisscross each other, and leave a certain gap between each plate, so as to facilitate ventilation and ensure the normal respiration of shoots.

Survival conditions of Toona sinensis Bud in soilless Culture

Toona sinensis is a temperate plant, the suitable temperature for seed germination is 20-25 ℃, the suitable temperature for seedling growth is 15 ℃-25 ℃ during the day and 10-15 ℃ at night, 20-24 ℃ is needed for normal growth in the protected field, and the temperature of 8-20 ℃ can grow normally. The seedlings with strong low temperature tolerance can still cross the field safely under the low temperature of-20 ℃ in winter. After the middle of October, when the temperature dropped below 10 ℃, the seedlings began to shed leaves and generally dormant for about 4 friends, but in the solar greenhouse, the dormancy period was only 30-60 days, but there were great differences among different varieties.

Management after sprouting of Toona sinensis in soilless cultivation

1. Humidity adjustment. The seedlings planted in the greenhouse have poor water absorption capacity of the roots, so it is appropriate to maintain high soil moisture and air humidity at the initial stage, irrigate thoroughly after planting, and then irrigate small water according to the situation. The relative humidity of the air is kept above 85%, and water is sprayed on the seedlings on a sunny day to prevent the loss of water from drying up. After sprouting, the air relative humidity should be 70%. If the humidity is too high, not only the germination is slow, but also the fragrance is greatly reduced, so the air should be released in time.

2. Water and fertilizer management. Toona sinensis is a fast-growing woody vegetable with low water demand and high demand for potash fertilizer. Per 300m2 greenhouse, the base fertilizer needs about 2500 kg of fully mature high-quality farm manure, 150kg of plant ash or 6kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 6kg of diammonium carbonate. After each picking, according to the soil fertility, the growth of Toona sinensis and leaf color, appropriate amount of topdressing and watering.

Pest control after sprouting of Toona sinensis in soilless cultivation

1. Powdery mildew of Toona sinensis. Prevention and treatment: remove diseased branches and leaves in time and burn them. Strengthen tending management, rational fertilization, enhance the growth potential and disease resistance of trees. Toona sinensis can be sprayed with 5 Baumetu stone sulfur mixture once before germination, and 0.3: 0.5 Baomedo stone sulfur mixture for 2 times in the growing season. The branches and leaves can also be sprayed with 2.5% trimethoprim 1 500 × 2000 times, or 25% sulfur suspension 200 times, 0% methyl topiramate and 50% carbendazim 600 times 800 times. Baumedu stone-sulfur mixture was sprayed 2 times for 3 times. The branches and leaves can also be sprayed with 2.5% trimethoprim 1 500 × 2000 times, or 25% sulfur suspension 200 times, 0% methyl topiramate and 50% carbendazim 600 times 800 times.

2. Dry blight of Toona sinensis. Prevention and treatment: remove the infected branches in time and burn them to reduce the source of infection. The trunk is painted white in winter and spring. Drug control in the initial disease spot to make some small holes, deep to the xylem, and then spray 70% topiramate 200 times liquid for prevention and treatment. Reasonably prune the wound with Bordeaux solution or stone sulfur mixture. Strengthen the management of fertilizer, water and tending, enhance the tree potential, improve the ability of disease resistance and prevent infection.

In the soilless cultivation of Toona sinensis buds, we should do a series of work, such as site selection, seed selection, machine adjustment and so on. Toona sinensis buds like to live in warm places, so indoor temperature regulation is very important. It is necessary to do a good job in pest control in the later stage of cultivation, and Toona sinensis buds are also very vulnerable to insect pests.