High-yield cultivation techniques of rapeseed

The demand for rape in China is increasing in recent years, and its price is increasing year by year, so planting rape has become a choice for some people to increase their economic income. Some people will have a good yield when planting rapeseed, this is because there is no right method, to achieve high yield of rape, you also need to know some skills.

High-yield cultivation techniques of rapeseed

1. Nursery bed preparation: choose fields with flat land, fertile texture, sunny back, convenient drainage and irrigation as seedbed, dry land, dry stubble land, semi-sand and semi-stained land as seedbed, and the seedbed should be sufficient, which is conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings. If the density is too dense, it is easy to form tall seedlings, weak seedlings, and the ratio to the field is generally 1VR 4.5. Rape seeds are small, and the seedling bed should be flat, fine and solid, that is, the surface of the box is flat, and the soil layer is fine and compact, so as to ensure that the seeds fall evenly, have the same depth, and come out early. The soil preparation is mainly composed of organic fertilizer, N, P, K, soil miscellaneous fertilizer 2000-2500 kg per mu, calcium superphosphate 20-30 kg, plant ash 100-150kg.

2. Seed treatment and sowing: seeds should be dried for 1-2 days before sowing, 3-4 hours a day, seeds are selected with 8-10% salt water and soaked in 50-54 ℃ warm water for 15-20 minutes, which can kill bacteria and accelerate germination. Soaking seeds with 0.8% urea and 1.6% boron solution for 5 hours can promote the early development of strong seedlings. Generally, the seeds of Brassica napus can be sowed by 0.2-0.3 Liang per mu, and the seeds can be quantified for uniform sowing. Sprinkle with appropriate fine soil or plant ash and cover lightly after sowing.

Seedling bed Management for High yield of rapeseed

Strengthen management after seed sowing, so as to achieve two early morning and two diligence, that is, to fix seedlings in the morning. Early topdressing weeding, frequently watering and drainage, diligent prevention and control of diseases and pests, seedlings after the seedlings, so that the seedlings do not squeeze seedlings. The leaves do not match the leaves, but the true leaves fix the seedlings. The distance between seedlings is 8-225px, topdressing should be early, fertilization combined with weeding, and seedling topdressing should be applied once. Less ploughing before leaves, proper control after 5 leaves, applying "get-up fertilizer" 6-7 days before transplanting, and timely watering in case of drought. The main pests in seedling stage are aphids, budding beetles and jumping beetles, and the harm of aphids is the most serious, which can be controlled by 2.5% enemy killing 300 times solution. The application of growth regulation system to cultivate dwarf seedlings is a common technique in recent years. Spraying paclobutrazol on leaves at 3-leaf stage, rape seedlings were significantly dwarfed, the rhizome thickened transversely, the number of branches was obvious, and survived quickly after transplanting, which was beneficial to increase yield.

Fertilization techniques for High yield of rapeseed

The main results are as follows: 1. Early application of seedling fertilizer, early application of seedling fertilizer, timely supply of nutrients needed by rape at seedling stage, and the use of short-term high temperature before winter to promote the growth of rape, achieve strong seedlings and survive the winter, and lay the foundation for high and stable yield of rape. Seedling fertilizer can be divided into early seedling stage and late seedling stage. The fertilizer in the early stage of seedling is applied when the seedling is fixed or 5 true leaves, generally applying 5-6 kg urea per mu, in the soil lacking phosphorus and potassium, if the base fertilizer is not applied phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied; topdressing in the later stage of seedling should depend on seedling condition and climate. Generally, 8-10 kg of high nitrogen compound fertilizer is applied per mu. The varieties with strong spring or the warmer areas in winter should be applied early, and the low temperature in winter or triple-cropping rape should be applied late.

2. Apply flower fertilizer skillfully. Rape blossoms and pods after bolting, and the number and weight of seeds are closely related to the nutritional conditions after flowering. For vigorous growth, large amount of fertilizer can not be applied or less applied at bolting stage; no application to early-maturing varieties, or less application at the initial flowering stage, topdressing at flowering stage can be foliar sprayed, and 0.1-0.2% urea or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed at flowering and podding stage. In addition, 0.2% borax aqueous solution can be sprayed once in the late seedling stage and bolting stage to prevent the phenomenon of "flowering but unfruitful" and increase the yield.

Pest control methods for high yield of rapeseed

1. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Prevention and control methods. Disease resistant varieties were selected. Reduce the source of primary infection. Improve the ecological environment of rape. Such as re-application of base fertilizer, seedling fertilizer, early or controlled application of bud bolting fertilizer, sufficient phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to prevent greedy green lodging. Deep ditches and narrow beds, clear ditches and prevent stains. Remove diseased, yellow and old leaves during the flowering stage of rape. Sow seeds at the right time and sow late at the right time. Chemical control. The type and dosage of agents are as follows: 40% Sclerotinia Jing (formerly known as WP) 1000-1500 times liquid for 2 times, 50% carbendazim powder or 40% carbendazim suspension 500 times for 2 times.

2. Rape virus disease. Prevention and treatment: the key is to prevent the disease at seedling stage. Disease resistant varieties were selected. Postpone the sowing date appropriately. Control aphids, drive aphids and prevent diseases. Strengthen the prevention and control of aphids on cruciferous vegetables such as Chinese cabbage and radish near rape field before emergence and seedling stage. There can also be no yellow board in rape area to trap and kill aphids. For specific control measures, see the aphid section.

Rape should be selected at the initial stage of planting, and the seeds should be treated well. At this time, the seedbed should also be prepared to ensure its survival rate. Rape in different periods of fertilization skills are also different, so this technology should also be mastered, as long as these work is done, the rape planted will be high-yielding.