Scientific planting technique of Trichosanthes

Trichosanthes, also known as Trichosanthes, Lou Lou, Lou Gua and so on, generally grows in Yunnan, Guizhou and other places. The economic value of Trichosanthes is very large, not only the edible value of flesh is high, but also peeling, seed, shell, rhizome and so on are very good traditional Chinese medicine, the planting prospect is a very broad planting project.

Scientific planting technique of Trichosanthes

1. Deep turning of the soil: the root of Trichosanthes can go deep into the ground for 1 to 1.5 meters, so the planting land needs to be turned over deeply, often digging a trench with a depth of 0.5 meters and a width of 30 centimeters every 1.7 meters before freezing, so that the soil can be fully weathered and loosened and eliminate diseases and insect pests.

2. Soil preparation and fertilization: before the Qingming Festival in the second year, the cultivated land of Trichosanthes was filled with 5000 kg of mixed fertilizer per mu of soil, then poured through with water from the ditch, and then leveled the ditch after 2-3 days and hoed once to make the soil loose and suitable for dry and wet.

3. Loosen the soil at the right time: about half a month after Trichosanthes planting, open the soil pile and check it. If the seed root has sprouted and the soil is not dry, the soil pile can be leveled to facilitate the unearthed seedlings. If it rains heavily before emergence and the land is slightly dry after the rain, the soil should be gently loosened, but not too deep.

4. Drainage irrigation: after planting, if the soil is dry, one side of Trichosanthes can be ditched and watered at a distance of 9cm to 12cm from the root. After each fertilization, a ridge is made at a distance of 30cm from the plant, and water is irrigated. Attention should be paid to water irrigation throughout the growing period.

5. Remove the vine and set up the frame: remove the excess stem vine when the stem is about 30 cm long, leaving only 2-3 thick and strong vines each, usually a frame between 2-3 rows. When building a frame, it can be 1.5 meters long. One root was buried every 2-2.4, and 3 rows were buried, that is, one row of Trichosanthes column was formed.

6. introduce seedlings to the shelf: when the stem of Trichosanthes is about 30 cm long, insert a sorghum straw next to each melon in order to guide the stem vine to climb onto the shelf, each tree selects 2 or 3 strong stems to extend to the middle, and the excessive branches and axillary buds on the top of the shelf should be picked in time.

Reproduction method

1. Seed propagation: when the fruit is ripe, choose the orange-yellow, strong, full, short-stalked ripe fruit, cut it in half from the pedicel, take out the inner pulp, rinse out the seeds, dry and store. From March to April of the following spring, the full and pest-free seeds were soaked in warm water of 40C~50C for 24 hours, slightly cool, mixed with 3 times wet sand, and germinated at 20C~30C temperature. when most of the seeds were cracked, they could be sowed at a hole distance of 1.5m ~ 2m, with a depth of 5cm ~ 6cm, sowing 5cm seeds per hole, covering soil 3cm ~ 4cm, watering and keeping the soil moist.

2. Root propagation: from March to April in the north and from October to late December in the south. Dig 3 ~ 5-year-old, robust, pest-free, 3 cm ~ 5 cm in diameter, cross-section white fresh Lou Lou root, cut into 6 cm ~ 10 cm long segments, according to plant spacing 30 cm, row spacing 1.5 m ~ 2 m hole sowing, hole depth 10 cm ~ 12 cm, each hole put a section of root, cover soil 4 cm ~ 5 cm, compacted by hand, then cultivate soil 10 cm ~ 15 cm, make a small pile of soil to preserve soil moisture. When sprouting begins about 20 days after planting, remove the moisture soil above. Every 1000 square meters need to plant root 50 kg ~ 60 kg. When using this method, attention should be paid to the selection of female roots and proper collocation of some male roots to facilitate pollination. In addition, the old root with yellow tendons in the cross section is not easy to survive and sprout, so it is not suitable to be a seed root.

Field management

1. Intertillage weeding: intertillage weeding is carried out once a year in spring and winter. Weeds should be weeded in time during the growth period, depending on the breeding of weeds.

2. Topdressing and irrigation: combined with ploughing and weeding, mainly topdressing human and animal manure water, and calcium superphosphate should be increased in winter. Water in time during drought.

3, scaffolding: when the stem vine grows to more than 30 centimeters, bamboo poles can be used as pillars, and the scaffolding is about 1.5 meters high. It can also lead to nearby trees, ditch slopes or intercropping tall stalk crops to facilitate climbing.

4. Pruning and branching: while setting up the frame to draw the vine, get rid of the excess stem vine, leaving only 2 or 3 strong vines per plant. When the main vine grows to 4 ~ 5 meters, remove the terminal bud and promote it to produce more lateral branches. The stem vines on the shelf should be arranged in time to make them evenly distributed.

5. Artificial pollination: the natural seed setting rate of Trichosanthes kirilowii is low, and the method of artificial pollination is simple and can greatly increase the yield. The method is to collect the pollen of male flowers in a petri dish with a brush, then dip the pollen with a brush and wipe it on the stigma of the female flower one by one.

Pest control

The main results are as follows: 1. The winged moth starts in July, which is common in the north and harms the aboveground parts with larvae. Prevention and treatment: at the initial stage of the disease, 1000 times of dichlorvos emulsion was sprayed.

2. Huangshou melon: it is harmful to the leaves, and the larvae can be eaten into the main root. Control method: 1000 times solution of trichlorfon is sprayed, and 1000 times liquid of Yutenqing or 30 times nicotine water can be used to irrigate roots in larval stage.

Through the above content, I believe you have a more in-depth understanding of the planting method of Trichosanthes. Although Trichosanthes has a broad prospect and is profitable, we must pay attention to planting methods and skills, and remember not to plant blindly. It is very important to master scientific planting methods, so that we can grow high-quality and high-yield Trichosanthes.