Cultivation techniques of Trichosanthes kirilowii

Trichosanthes is a kind of temperature-loving food, which is distributed in many parts of our country. Trichosanthes can be used as medicine all over the body, and it is a kind of food with great medicinal value, so it is very popular with people in recent years, and the price is growing day by day, so many people want to plant it to increase their income.

Cultivation techniques of Trichosanthes kirilowii

The main results are as follows: 1. Trichosanthes kirilowii is a deep-rooted plant, and its roots can go deep into the soil for 1 ~ 2 meters, so the sunny plot with deep, loose and fertile soil should be selected for cultivation, and the soil quality should be loam or sandy loam. You can also use the front and back of the house, trees, ditches and other places to plant. The depressions where saline-alkali land is prone to stagnant water are not suitable for cultivation. Before soil preparation, 5000 kg of farm manure was applied as base fertilizer every 1000 square meters, and 30 kg of superphosphate was added to the soil. 15-20 days before sowing, 75% wettable cotton powder was applied to disinfect the soil. Leveling the land is generally not necessary, but there should be a good drainage ditch around the land.

2. Planting method. The field transplanting of Trichosanthes is planted as early as possible after frost-free, so as to buy time for high yield of the year, usually in the first ten days of April, the specific time depends on the weather. Reasonable close planting is one of the important factors for high yield. Generally, more than 260plants per mu, first put the seedlings on the sand, then cover the seedlings with a small amount of sand, then cover the 2cm thickness with fine soil, and finally cover with weeds, dry weather should be on the weeds.

Living conditions of Trichosanthes kirilowii

Trichosanthes like warm and humid environment, more hardy, not resistant to drought, avoid stagnant water. Seeds are easy to germinate, the optimum temperature for germination is 25C~30C, the germination rate is 60%-80%, and the seed life is 2 years.

The breeding method of Trichosanthes

1. Seed propagation: when the fruit is ripe, choose the orange-yellow, strong, full, short-stalked ripe fruit, cut it in half from the pedicel, take out the inner pulp, rinse out the seeds, dry and store. From March to April of the following spring, the full and pest-free seeds were soaked in warm water of 40C~50C for 24 hours, slightly cool, mixed with 3 times wet sand, and germinated at 20C~30C temperature. when most of the seeds were cracked, they could be sowed at a hole distance of 1.5m ~ 2m, with a depth of 5cm ~ 6cm, sowing 5cm seeds per hole, covering soil 3cm ~ 4cm, watering and keeping the soil moist.

2. Root propagation: from March to April in the north and from October to late December in the south. Dig 3 ~ 5-year-old, robust, pest-free, 3 cm ~ 5 cm in diameter, cross-section white fresh Lou Lou root, cut into 6 cm ~ 10 cm long segments, according to plant spacing 30 cm, row spacing 1.5 m ~ 2 m hole sowing, hole depth 10 cm ~ 12 cm, each hole put a section of root, cover soil 4 cm ~ 5 cm, compacted by hand, then cultivate soil 10 cm ~ 15 cm, make a small pile of soil to preserve soil moisture. When sprouting begins about 20 days after planting, remove the moisture soil above. Every 1000 square meters need to plant root 50 kg ~ 60 kg. When using this method, attention should be paid to the selection of female roots and proper collocation of some male roots to facilitate pollination. In addition, the old root with yellow tendons in the cross section is not easy to survive and sprout, so it is not suitable to be a seed root.

Field management of Trichosanthes after planting

1. Reasonable collocation of male plants: more than 5 trees per mu can be put on the shelves, and the excess can be put on the ground to allow them to grow.

2. Select and retain the main stem: plant Trichosanthes in the same year, select 1 or 2 strong seedlings per plant and get rid of the rest. In the second year, there is only one root left. Generally, when the main stem of the seedling grows to 0.3 to 0.5 m, the seedlings are put on the shelf with bamboo or soft rope in time. Erase all the lateral buds and fruits that grow before the main stem is on the shelf (that is, the one growing under the shelf). When the seedling grows to about 1m on the shelf, it should be topped in time to promote the growth of lateral branches; if the vegetative growth of perennial Trichosanthes is too prosperous, it should be pruned and sparse branches in time (thin, weak and empty branches).

4. Reasonable fertilization: when the seedling grows to 1 foot long, a ring ditch can be opened about 0.5 to 1 foot away from the seedling, and the mixture of dung water and a small amount of urea can be lightly irrigated once a week. In the flowering and fruiting period, according to the growth situation, we can properly apply flower protection, fruit protection fertilizer, plus spray flower protection, fruit protection medicine, according to the growth situation can be sprayed with anti-falling hormone and auxin.

Trichosanthes in the cultivation must first choose a good planting place, it is not resistant to stagnant water varieties, so in the drainage work should be done well, and then colonization. If you want Trichosanthes to grow well and have a high rate of results, you should also do a good job in field management in the later stage. Timely fertilization and watering are very important.