What about tomato trees in winter?

Tomatoes are originally the product of summer, and every summer is the time for tomatoes to ripen. However, with the development of economy, there are more seasons for eating tomatoes, which can be seen all the year round. Because of the temperature-loving characteristics of tomato trees, tomato trees still need to take a lot of measures if they want to go through winter.

What about tomato trees in winter?

Tomato trees can survive the winter safely as long as they are properly arranged. The temperature of tomato trees in winter includes air temperature, sand temperature, nutrient solution temperature and so on. The air temperature is controlled at 25: 28 ℃ from 10 to 14:00, and the highest is not more than 30 ℃. After 14:00, the air temperature is controlled at 22: 25 ℃. The average temperature at the 5~10cm of the matrix sand layer is about 22 ℃, with a range of 20: 24 ℃, which can not fluctuate too much. The temperature of nutrient solution and clear water is controlled at an average of 20 ℃, with a range of 18-22 ℃.

Maintenance and Management of Tomato trees in Winter

1. Nutrient solution. The pH value of nutrient solution is controlled at about 6.5, the EC value of nutrient solution is controlled within 2.5-3.0ms/cm, the temperature of nutrient solution is controlled within 18 ℃, and the circulation time of nutrient solution is 10 Mel 20 hours per day. When tomato trees enter the flowering and fruiting stage, 50ml 100g potassium sulfate is added to each ton of nutrient solution per week.

2. Pruning. Tomato tree pruning is different from ordinary tomato pruning, ordinary tomato pruning is single trunk pruning, all side branches should be removed, while tomato tree pruning adopts continuous double trunk pruning method, each branch retains two growing points, and all the strong side branches are retained, only some weak side branches are removed. A tomato tree will have hundreds of growing points, and the branches will be evenly distributed sequentially at the base of the lateral branches and not shielded from each other.

3. Fertilization. In order to increase the nutrient supply of tomato trees, foliar fertilizer was sprayed every 10 days. Carbon dioxide can also be added where conditions permit.

Common diseases and insect pests of tomato trees in winter

1. The main symptoms of spot blight are: there are some small round or near-round spots on the leaves, the spots are gray-white in the middle, the edges are dark brown, and there are yellow halos all around. In serious cases, the leaves are covered with disease spots, connected to each other, sometimes perforated, and the leaves are withered and yellow.

2. the leaves of early blight disease initially saw dark brown spots, and later developed into round or oval dark brown disease spots with dark brown concentric rims, with yellow or yellowish green halo on the outer edge of the disease spot, and gray-black mildew on the disease spot when the humidity was high.

3. Most of the leaves infected by late blight start from the tip or edge of the leaf, show a flooding shape, turn dark green at first, and then turn brown. Late blight on the stem, there will be dark brown spots, sunken parts of the disease, resulting in tomato "black stem". The fruit is easy to occur in the green fruit stage, the disease spot is irregular, like hot water, the disease spot begins to be hard, and then slowly decays. The difference between this disease and tomato early blight is that early blight is spot after spot, while late blight is patchy, early blight spot is obvious, disease spot has wheel pattern, while late blight spot is irregular, patchy and water-scalded.

Control of Diseases and insect pests of Tomato trees in Winter

1. For the prevention and control of diseases in winter, it is the key to control the humidity in the greenhouse. After the Beginning of Winter, the temperature dropped, the light time became shorter, and the ventilation decreased, which led to high humidity and long time in the shed, which was conducive to the occurrence of disease infection. First of all, strengthen watering management, reasonable ventilation, reduce the humidity in the shed, so as to prevent the occurrence and spread of the disease. Secondly, for diseased plants, diseased leaves and withered branches should be removed in time to reduce the source of the disease. Third, timely use of drugs for prevention and treatment. In the initial stage, 64% disinfectant alum 500 times, 25% ammonia copper 500 times and chlorothalonil, carbendazim and other agents can be used to control the disease.

2. 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution, 80% mancozeb 600 times solution or 58% Ruidu manganese zinc 700 times solution can be used for the prevention and control of early blight. The late blight can be controlled by spraying 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc 500 times, 72% Klu 500 times, or 72.2% Pulick 800 times and 69% Anke manganese zinc 600 times. According to the condition, it was used every 5 times every 7 days for 3 consecutive times. When the weather is bad and the humidity in the shed is high, powder or smoke can also be used.

Tomato trees in the winter when everyone is not too panic, the general tomato trees as long as good management, good control of the appropriate temperature, there will be no death in the winter. Tomato trees will also be attacked by some diseases and insect pests in winter, and the work in this area also needs to be strengthened.