Scientific Seedling raising techniques of Tomato

Seedlings are the basis of plant development, and good seedlings are the basis of plant growth. The growth of tomatoes is also inseparable from high-quality seedlings. Tomatoes initially exist in the form of seeds. To turn small tomato seeds into tomato trees, they must undergo careful cultivation.

Tomato Scientific Seedling Technology

1, seed disinfection: control tomato leaf mold, spot blight, early blight, ulcer disease and other diseases should choose warm soup soaking method, that is, the seeds in hot water at 55℃, while stirring soaking for 15 minutes, then soaked in warm water at 30℃ for 4~5 hours, then removed, germinated in 30℃ environment. To prevent and control virus diseases, 10% trisodium phosphate solution can be used to soak seeds for 20 minutes and then wash them with clean water to germinate.

2. Seedbed soil disinfection: After the bed soil is watered before sowing, spray the seedbed with 500~600 times of 72.2% PULIKE solution, spraying 2~4 kg per square meter. Or carbendazim disinfection, every 1000 kg of bed soil with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 25~30 g, treatment, first carbendazim prepared into aqueous solution, then sprayed on the bed soil, mixed well with plastic film tightly covered, generally after 2~3 days can kill blight and other pathogens in the soil.

3, early application of base fertilizer: nutrient soil preparation into the fertilizer is sufficient, the entire seedling stage can not be fertilized, if the seedling leaves are found to be pale, lack of fertilizer symptoms, can spray a little quality assurance of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 500 times solution.

4, the temperature control is appropriate: after the seedlings, the temperature of the seedbed should not be high, so that the seedlings grow strong, enhance cold resistance, disease resistance. "Two leaves and one heart" period avoid seedbed insulation measures can not keep up with, if the temperature continues to be low, will make flower bud differentiation blocked, early spring flower drop serious, affect early yield, sunny noon, seedbed temperature is easy to be high, at this time avoid uncovering large ventilation, to prevent seedlings due to temperature fluctuation is too large, excessive water loss and wilting or death.

Management of Tomato Seedling Stage

Tomato seedling management is mainly temperature and light control.

1. Seedbed management from sowing to emergence: this period refers to the period from sowing to full development of two cotyledons. The seedling period of spring open field tomato is arranged in the cold season, and the bed temperature must be controlled at 25-28 degrees Celsius during the day and 15-18 degrees Celsius at night. For cold beds or hotbeds, solar energy should be fully utilized during this period to increase bed temperature and mulch should be used to maintain a higher bed temperature. Before emergence, the film is generally not uncovered and the window is opened for ventilation. When budding begins to emerge from the top soil, if the top shell phenomenon is found due to too thin soil covering, it should be covered with soil again immediately.

2. Seedbed management from emergence to seedling division: This period is mainly to adjust the temperature and humidity of seedbed, timely thinning seedlings, covering soil, improving light conditions, preventing and controlling seedling diseases, etc. After the two cotyledons of the seedlings are fully expanded, the bed temperature should be appropriately reduced, which can be controlled at 20-25 degrees Celsius during the day and 10-15 degrees Celsius at night to prevent excessive growth. 4-5 days before seedling division, in order to adapt to the lower temperature of the seedling bed, improve the survival rate after transplantation and promote the slow seedling, the bed temperature at this time can be reduced by 2-3 degrees Celsius. Cold bed seedling, especially hotbed and greenhouse seedling, should gradually increase the ventilation opening during the day, extend the ventilation time, straw mat or thin mat should also gradually open the cover early and late, extend the illumination time. Seedling blight or damping-off disease is often in bad weather, do not carry out appropriate ventilation, long time with straw, film and other coverings covered, so that the air humidity in the seedbed gradually increased caused. During this period, special attention should be paid to protecting cotyledons, improving light conditions, waiting for harmful seedlings, water and fertilizer management, and reasonable soil covering.

Tomato growing conditions

1. Temperature: Tomato is a thermophilic vegetable. Under normal conditions, the optimum temperature is 20~25℃, and the optimum soil temperature for root growth is 20~22℃. Increasing the soil temperature can not only promote root development, but also significantly increase the nitrate nitrogen content in the soil, accelerate growth and development, and increase yield.

Light: Tomato is a light-loving crop, the light saturation point is 70000 lux, the appropriate light intensity is 30000~50000 lux, and at the same time, it basically requires short sunshine in the process of turning from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, but the requirements are not strict.

3, water: tomatoes need more water, but do not have to often a lot of irrigation, generally 60~80% soil humidity, air humidity 45~50% is appropriate, air humidity is not only hindered normal pollination, but also in high temperature and high humidity conditions serious disease.

4, soil: tomato soil conditions are not too strict, but in order to obtain high yield, promote good root development, should choose deep soil layer, good drainage, rich in organic matter fertile loam, pH6~7 is appropriate.

Cultivation and Management Techniques of Tomato

1. Management of growth period. include intertillage and weeding, impar water to preserve soil moisture, erecting frames and tie vines, pruning and branching, removing old leaves, ventilating and transmitting light, strengthening pest control, strengthening temperature management and other measures. Temperature management means that the ventilation of the shed should be appropriately increased during the day to keep the temperature in the shed at about 25℃. The temperature at night is kept between 10 and 13℃. At the beginning of ventilation, the vent should be from small to large, from less to more, and gradually reduce or close the vent after the afternoon temperature drops.

2. Fertilizer and water management. Tomato growth period in summer and autumn rainy season generally do not need watering, but when 1~3 ears of fruit mature drought, should also be properly watered. According to tomato plant growth, timely topdressing to promote fruit development, flower and fruit protection. Generally, microbial fertilizer can be applied as base fertilizer, and shellfish seedling strengthening agent and sweetening agent can be applied as top fertilizer to make it look more beautiful and delicious. Conditional topdressing can be applied cake, cottonseed cake and other cake fertilizer.

3. Pruning management. Tomato in the growth process, each leaf axil will grow buds, to the first inflorescence below the buds removed in time, so as not to affect the consumption of nutrients, fruit lighting and yield, each plant after 4-6 inflorescences, tomato plant pinching tip to the top, control nutrients only supply fruit, ensure yield.

In addition to good seedling cultivation, management in the planting process and attention to tomato growth habits are also very important. All things have their own unique growth cycle, so we should respect their growth habits and strictly follow their rules.