How to plant garlic seedlings and cultivation techniques

The planting of garlic seedlings is not much different from that of other general vegetables, and it is even less difficult to grow. Since garlic is a vegetable that germinates easily, there is no need to go through complex steps such as sprouting. Let's take a look at how garlic seedlings should be planted with Xiaobian.

How to plant garlic seedlings

1. Application of sufficient base fertilizer: 5000 kg of organic fertilizer and 40 kg of potassium sulfate were applied per mu before planting, and 25 cm deep ploughing and fine soil preparation were made after fertilization.

2. Seed treatment: the diseased, dry rot and injured garlic seeds are removed before sowing, and the garlic cloves are graded according to large, medium and small grades. Three days before sowing, the garlic cloves were packed in a container according to grade and soaked in water, and the water was changed once a day to make the garlic fully absorb water and promote germination. This operation is also beneficial to adjust the farming season and facilitate hierarchical management. Before sowing, garlic seeds should be mixed with sifted calcium superphosphate to meet the demand for phosphorus during garlic sprouting, with 30 kilograms of superphosphate per mu of garlic seed.

3. Planting at the right time: the temperature should be 17 ℃ and 19 min. Before sowing, make a bed 1.5m wide, trench with a row spacing of 20ml / 23cm (10cm deep), and then put garlic cloves with 55000 plants per mu according to the plant spacing of 5cm. The seeds should be arranged at different levels when sowing, so as to facilitate management. Garlic seeds should be kept upright and uneven at the top and bottom, so that the thickness of the covered soil is the same and the emergence of seedlings is ensured. The planting depth is 6 mi 7 cm, and the thickness of the soil cover is generally suitable for the tip of buried garlic cloves.

4. Post-planting management: pour water once after planting to promote the germination of garlic cloves. Water the seedlings again after emergence, and after the land is dry, hoe to preserve soil moisture to prevent soil consolidation. Each time the soil is watered, the ridge is as high as 5ml / 7cm. When the seedlings grew to the 3-leaf stage, the whole plant was sprayed with 20 mg / kg gibberellin solution to promote the growth of the stems and leaves; when the seedlings grew to the 4-leaf stage, the stems and leaves were sprayed with 0.8% sugar water, once every 6 days, 3 times in a row.

5, timely harvest: the Beginning of Winter can first sell first-class seedlings according to the market situation, and pay attention to the removal of fibrous roots and old leaves during harvest. After the temperature dropped to 0 ℃, the rest were cultivated in a small arch shed. If it is put on the market after January of the following year, the small arch shed should be covered with grass to prevent the cold.

Planting conditions of garlic

1. Temperature: garlic prefers cold environmental conditions, the suitable temperature for its growth is 12: 25 ℃, the lowest temperature for garlic clove germination is 3: 5 ℃, the germination speed up rapidly above 12 ℃, and the optimum temperature for germination is about 20 ℃. The optimum temperature for seedling growth is 14: 20 ℃. When the seedling has 4-5 leaves, it can withstand the low temperature of more than 16 ℃. The optimum temperature for the elongation stage of garlic moss is 15-20 ℃, and the optimum temperature for bulb expansion is 20-25 ℃. If the temperature is too high, the bulb will stop growing and become dormant. Garlic belongs to the green vernalization type. Generally, the garlic germinates to the seedling stage. In case of a low temperature of 0-4 ℃, it passes through the vernalization stage after 30-40 days.

2. Light: garlic is a plant with long sunshine. Under the sunshine of more than 12 hours and the temperature of 15: 20 ℃, the terminal bud on the stem disk turns to flower bud differentiation and bolting rapidly. The development of garlic moss is not only affected by temperature and light, but also related to nutritional conditions. If the seed petal is too small, the soil is barren, sowing too late, too high density, lack of fertilizer and water, etc., it is possible to form garlic without garlic or single-headed garlic. In addition, the formation of garlic requires long sunshine, general varieties in short days, only differentiate new leaves but can not form bulbs, but some early-maturing varieties are not too strict on photoperiod.

3. Moisture: garlic leaves belong to drought-tolerant ecotype, but the root system enters the soil shallowly and the ability to absorb water is weak, so in the early stage of vegetative growth, the soil should be kept moist to prevent the soil from being too dry, especially in the period of flower stem elongation and bulb expansion. Especially in the period of flower stem elongation and bulb expansion, more water is needed and the soil is often kept moist. In the later stage of bulb development, watering should be controlled to reduce soil moisture to promote bulb maturity and improve storage resistance, so as to avoid rotten neck (pseudostem base) loose petal and garlic skin blackening due to high humidity, high temperature and hypoxia, thus reducing the quality.

4. Soil: garlic is not strict on soil types, but the root system is weak, and the fertile loam rich in humus is the best. The soil with loose ventilation, strong water retention and drainage capacity is suitable for the growth and development of bulbs, making garlic large and neat, good quality and high yield. Garlic cultivated in sandy soil has strong spicy taste, loose texture and is not resistant to storage. The suitable pH of soil is pH6~7, the end of peracid root becomes thicker, the growth stops, the seed petal is easy to rot, small head and single garlic are increased, and the yield is reduced.

5. Nutrition: garlic likes full-effective organic fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the application of humic fertilizer can increase the yield of garlic. generally, the amount of fertilizer per mu is 8.6 kg of nitrogen, 7.4 kg of phosphorus and 8.6 kg of potassium.

Planting time of garlic

The planting time of garlic depends on the local climatic conditions and varieties. Different growth periods have different requirements for temperature. The planting season of garlic is in autumn, usually from late September to early October, and the harvest season is between spring and summer of the following year. The most suitable period for garlic planting is to make the plant grow to 5-6 leaves before overwintering, when the plant has the strongest cold resistance, will not be frozen to death in the cold winter, and lays a good foundation for the plant to pass vernalization smoothly. The Yangtze River basin and its southern areas are generally sown in mid-and late September. The area north of the Yangtze River needs to be sown in August because of the cold climate.

The harvest of garlic

1. Collecting garlic bolting: bolting can be done when the bolting extends 6cm away from the leaf sheath. Some varieties with strong growth can be easily broken because of the thicker garlic bolting, so the method of shaft binding can be adopted, that is, using a bamboo stick, sharpening the end, holding the bolting in one hand, and inserting it into the stem with the bamboo stick in the other (5-7cm from the ground of the pseudo-stem), cutting off the garlic bolting, and then bolting out.

2. Harvest garlic: garlic can be harvested about 25 days after garlic stalk harvest (when pseudostem lodging). Other varieties of pseudostem without lodging can be harvested when the basal leaves begin to turn yellow and the outer layer of garlic becomes thinner. If ripe garlic is not harvested in time, especially in the rain.

Planting garlic seedlings on the one hand can harvest garlic seedlings and sell them as side dishes, on the other hand, you can also wait for garlic bolting, and then using garlic bolting is also a good choice. For these two different products, the harvest time is very important, so you must be clear about the planting goal.