Scientific planting technique of Gastrodia elata

Gastrodia elata is a traditional Chinese medicine, which is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine. with the continuous exchange and integration of medicine, the application of traditional Chinese medicine is gradually becoming more and more extensive. So grow medicinal materials all the way. The prospect of the future will also be incalculable, and planting Gastrodia elata should be a good cause to get rich.

Scientific planting technique of Gastrodia elata

I. selection of nursery sites

Select loam or sandy loam with good moisture permeability and good permeability, loose and rich in humus, and dig holes with a depth of 35 cm and a width of 85 cm. When choosing a land, it is better to choose a wasteland. Soil pH5-6 is suitable. Avoid clay and waterlogged waterlogged land, avoid stubble. In addition, Gastrodia elata can be planted in air-raid shelters, caves, basements and other places.

Second, cultivate the bacterial bed

Armillaria mellea or fungus bed should be cultivated before planting Gastrodia elata. General broad-leaved trees can be used as materials for cultivating Armillaria mellea, but mistletoe, oak, chestnut, cork oak and other tree species are better.

3. Seed treatment

Seed selection: select the Gastrodia elata dug up in that year, remove the commercial hemp, select and screen all the flax species, and get rid of rotten hemp, deformed hemp and other inferior hemp species. Finally, Gastrodia elata, which is similar in size, strong, neat in appearance, large in size, good in color and non-invasive, is determined to be used in the following year.

IV. Seed propagation

Choose Gastrodia elata with a weight of more than 100 grams, plant with picking, prevent sunlight when heading, and carry out artificial pollination when flowering. The time of pollination can be chosen at about 10:00 on a sunny day, when the edge of the cap appears slightly. Cover the ear with a plastic bag after pollination.

The origin of Gastrodia elata

The producing area of Gastrodia elata is distributed in tropical, subtropical, temperate and cold temperate mountains. It ranges from New Zealand and New Caledonia in the east to Madagascar in the west. It extends from Australia and New Zealand to the north to the northeast of China and the far East of the former Soviet Union. Mainly include China, India, Thailand, Bhutan, Nepal, Japan, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Australia, New Zealand, China once belonged to the Ryukyu Islands, Ogasawara Islands, Kalimantan Island, Malaysia's Malay Peninsula, New Caledonia Island, as well as North Korea, the Philippines, the Russian far East Amur, coastal border areas, dry islands and other areas. The plant was not found on the African continent, Europe and America.

Wild Gastrodia elata is widely distributed in Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Hubei, Gansu, Anhui, Henan, Hebei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Jilin, Liaoning and other places, in western Guizhou, southern Sichuan and northeastern Yunnan are famous authentic medicinal materials with good quality. Mainly produced in Guizhou Bijie, Dafang, Western Guizhou, Guiding, Hezhang, Duyun, Zunyi, Sichuan Xingjing, Gulin, Xuyong, Yibin, Leibo, Mabian, Tongjiang, Maoxian, Leshan, Hongya, Ya'an, Maowen, Wenchuan; Yunnan Zhaotong, Yiliang, Zhenxiong, Yongshan, Daguan, Suijiang, Yanjin, Ludian and other places. In addition, Hanzhong, Ankang, Shangyi in Shaanxi, Gannan, Wenxian and Longnan in Gansu. Henan Xixia, Lushi, Tongbai, Hunjiang, Fusong, Linjiang, Tonghua and Yuexi, Anhui, Huoshan are also produced. Gastrodia elata is mainly produced in Lueyang, Chenggu, Xixiang, Mianxian, Ningqiang, Zhenan and Shangzhou, Shaanxi Province (among which, Lueyang Gastrodia elata is certified as the geographical indication of the General Administration of quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. Lueyang is also the largest production base of Gastrodia elata in China), south; Huoshan, Yuexi, Jinzhai, Anhui; Tongjiang, Guangyuan, Sichuan; Jinping, Wuchuan, Dejiang, Duyun, Anshun, Guizhou; Zhaotong, Yunnan Hubei Hefeng, Enshi, Yunxi, Yunxian, Zhushan, Yichang; Henan Xixia, Tongbai, Luanchuan, Jilin Fusong, Liaoning Xinbin and other places.

Growth environment requirements of Gastrodia elata

Gastrodia elata is born under humus-rich and moist forests, as well as sunny thickets and grassy slopes. It must be symbiotic with Agaricaceae fungus and Osmunda Osmunda in order to make the seeds germinate, form round bulbs and grow into normal Gastrodia elata tubers. Pleurotus ostreatus provided nutrition for seed germination and Armillaria mellea provided nutrition for protococci to grow into Gastrodia elata tubers.

Varieties of Gastrodia elata

1. Gastrodia elata

Black Gastrodia elata, also known as iron dried Gastrodia elata, the plant is tall, up to 150-200 cm, the stem is grayish brown, with white stripes. The flowers are yellowish green and florescence is from June to July. The fruit is prismatic and inverted wedge-shaped. Tubers are as large as 800 grams. The rhizome is oval to ovate-elliptic, the node is dense, the longest is more than 15 cm, the maximum weight of a single is 800 grams, and the water content is often less than 70%, sometimes only 60%. It is mainly produced in western Guizhou and Yunnan, and most of the Gastrodia elata cultivated in Yunnan are this form.

2. Gastrodia elata

Gastrodia elata mainly produces in the three Gorges area, with wide adaptability, high yield, strong fecundity and strong disease resistance, but its dry-wet ratio is large and its medicinal quality is worse than that of Gastrodia elata.

3. Gastrodia elata

The plant of Gastrodia elata is tall, generally 1 to 1.5 meters high, the rhizome is long oval or obconical, the node is denser, and there are many scalelike sheaths on the node, with a maximum weight of 600 grams and a water content of about 70%. The stem is light blue-green. The flowers are light turquoise to white. Florescence from June to July, from northeast to southwest provinces and regions.

4. Gastrodia elata

Jute Gastrodia elata, also known as Gastrodia elata, perennial herb, light yellow flower stem, born in hillside forest wetlands, gully edge, domestic distribution in Hubei, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Henan and other places.

5. Pine Gastrodia elata

Pine Gastrodia elata is a variant of Gastrodia elata which is often grown under Songdong forest in northwestern Yunnan. The plant is about 1 meter high, the rhizome is often fusiform or cylindrical, the water content is more than 90%, and the stem is yellow and white. The flowers are white or light yellow, the flowering period is from April to May, and they are not introduced and cultivated because of their low drying rate.

On the one hand, the cultivation of Gastrodia elata should master the technical points of planting, in addition, the varieties of Gastrodia elata are very important, and there are certain differences in the medicinal efficacy of different kinds of Gastrodia elata, so when we choose, we can judge appropriately according to the market demand.