Cultivation techniques of how to graft walnut trees

The emergence of grafting technology, on the one hand, to achieve the new flowers of old trees; on the other hand, it also saves the growth cycle of trees. The grafting technology of walnut is a good way to shorten the profit cycle. It takes at least 8 to 10 years to plant walnut seedlings and only 2 to 3 years to graft walnut.

How walnut trees are grafted

First of all, select seedlings, seedlings generally choose two years of seedlings, with a grafting knife in its 20 cm from the head of the seedling cut, the incision is generally 6 cm long.

Then, select the rootstock, remove the old skin from top to bottom with a grafting knife, take the rootstock with a sawtooth saw, and pull it into a 13-centimeter segment when sawed.

In addition, the treatment of the ear is to cut a smooth slope with a growth of about 4 cm, cut it longitudinally at its 1 stop 3, and take a small amount of water to observe the flow direction of the water droplets.

Second, gently break the rootstock with your hand to make the incision open, put the ear slope into the incision, and let go to make it coincide.

Finally, bind the rootstocks and ears to the degree of close mosaic and wrap the plastic rope to facilitate healing.

Cultivation techniques of Walnut trees

1. Site selection and cultivation: walnut is suitable for growing on sandy soil and black loam with warm, deep soil layer and good drainage, and should be planted on sunny slope and leeward. Newly planted young trees should have sufficient water and fertilizer, and new high-fat film should be sprayed to ensure aboveground water evaporation, seedling water transpiration, isolation of diseases and insect pests, shortening slow seedling period and speeding up root development.

2. Shaping and pruning: in order to make walnut early fruiting, high yield, stable yield, reasonable shaping and pruning is a very important cultivation technique. The pruning period of walnut is different from that of ordinary fruit trees. after the fruit is taken, the leaves are not yellowed, and the wound is smeared with healing film in time to promote wound healing and prevent bacteria from invading and infecting.

3. Stable flower and fixed fruit: in the bud stage, young fruit stage and fruit expansion stage, Zhuangguotieling should be sprayed to thicken the fruit pedicel, increase the amount of nutrition transport, prevent flowers from falling, improve the ability of pollination, increase the rate of fruit setting and accelerate the speed of fruit expansion, so as to ensure the high quality and high yield of fruit. The size of the tree hanging fruit makes the load of the tree unbalanced, which affects not only the balanced income, but also the health of the orchard. It is necessary to brush Huawang No. 2 once a year in the period of flower bud differentiation, which can promote flower bud differentiation, inhibit summer shoot growth, strengthen flowers and improve pollination ability and fruit setting rate.

4. The main pests of walnut are: walnut silkworm moth, walnut limb moth, walnut fruit weevil. The main diseases of walnut are walnut black spot and walnut branch blight. Prevention and control measures were sprayed with targeted drugs to kill. At the same time, the trees should be sprayed to protect the trees, and the garden should be sprayed with a new high-fat film to keep warm and preserve moisture to ensure safe passage through the winter.

Growth environment of walnut

Walnut, like sunshine, cold resistance, drought resistance, disease resistance, adapt to a variety of soil growth, like fertile and moist sandy loam, like water, fertilizer, like the sun, at the same time lax requirements for water and fertilizer, after defoliation to before germination should not be pruned, easy to produce bleeding. Suitable for the growth of most of the land. Calcareous soil, often found in deep soil layers on both sides of mountain valleys.

Walnuts are widely distributed in China, including Liaoning, Tianjin, Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Qinghai, Gansu, Xinjiang, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and Xizang. Inner Mongolia, Zhejiang and Fujian provinces (regions) have a small number of introduction or cultivation. The main producing areas are Yunnan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Hebei, Gansu, Xinjiang and other provinces (regions).

Walnut seedlings hang fruit for several years

Walnut usually enters the initial fruit stage after planting for 2-3 years or 5-6 years, or even 8-10 years. Early-bearing walnut and grafted walnut can bear fruit in 2-3 years, and late-bearing walnut and seed-bearing walnut take 8-10 years to bear fruit. Generally, 20-year-old walnuts enter the full fruit period, and can be maintained for about 40 years if the cultivation conditions are good. The flowering period of walnut is from April to May and the fruit ripening period is from August to September.

The basic technical process of cultivating walnut trees is all in the article, but planting seedlings can not only be on paper, but more importantly, it is personal practice, so the above theory can only become a guide for everyone's action. more experience still needs to be accumulated by yourself.