High-yield cultivation techniques of Pleurotus eryngii how to grow Pleurotus eryngii

Pleurotus eryngii is a common ingredient in daily life, its appearance is cylindrical, the bottom is white, and the top is light gray. It has high edible value. At present, the sales of Pleurotus eryngii in the market is quite considerable, so many people want to grow it. Understanding its planting method is a key step.

High-yield cultivation techniques of Pleurotus eryngii

1. Cultivation season. Due to the high cost of mushroom production in cold storage, it must be staggered with the mushroom in the shed, and the northern region generally chooses to produce mushrooms from June to October to meet the market demand.

2. Cultivation methods. Using cold storage or cold room cultivation, we must make full use of the existing space, mostly use plastic bags, shelf-type mushroom production, with 17 × 33 cm polyethylene plastic bags, about 100 bacterial bags per cubic meter.

3. Strain production. ⑴ mother seed: the commonly used medium is PDA or PSA. The slant of the test tube was made according to the conventional method and inoculated and cultured at the constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 8-10 days. ⑵ original and cultivated species: the original medium formula is: wheat 93%, rice bran 5%, sugar 1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, gypsum 1%. Cottonseed bark is the best for cultivated species to prevent the infection of miscellaneous bacteria in the mushroom stage. The medium formula is: cottonseed husk 78%, sugar 1%, wheat bran 18%, gypsum 1%, lime 1.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%. Weigh the good material according to the formula, mix it well and fill it with cans or bags (12 × 25 polypropylene), then autoclave for 2.5 hours or 4 hours after the pot is cooled to less than 30 ℃ when inoculation, culture under 25 ℃ for 30-35 days can be full use.

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The method of burying bacteria bags. After the mycelium grows full of bacteria bags, it is moved into the vegetable greenhouse to bury the soil. The soil in the greenhouse is required to be loose and fertile. The most important feature of Pleurotus eryngii soil-covered cultivation is that the fruiting body is large, fresh and tender, and the yield is high. First of all, take off the bag, select the bag with no miscellaneous bacteria and good mycelium growth, break the bag with a knife, take out the bacterial mass completely, and then neatly lay it horizontally into the border bed, leaving a 2~3cm gap between the bags. Then fill the gap with sterilized clean fine soil, cover the whole bed with fine soil, spray clean water once, then cover the plastic film, and then cover the plastic film with straw. After the bacteria continued to grow for 15 days, when the soil was covered with Pleurotus eryngii hyphae, the film was ventilated and the temperature was maintained, which was beneficial to the formation of Pleurotus eryngii fruiting body. At the same time, certain light conditions are needed in the stage of mushroom emergence, so that after the fruiting body of Pleurotus eryngii is formed, there is no need to spray water within 7 days, strengthen ventilation and keep the air in the mushroom shed clean. Pleurotus eryngii usually takes 13 ~ 15 days from primordium formation to fruiting body maturity. The young mushroom grows slowly. When the mushroom body grows above 6cm, it is necessary to increase the humidity in the greenhouse and let the mushroom body be irradiated by scattered light. The relative humidity is 85%-90%, which promotes the mushroom body to form a normal fruiting body.

Growth conditions of Pleurotus eryngii

1. Air: the oxygen demand in the mycelium growth stage is relatively less, and the low concentration of carbon dioxide also stimulates the mycelium growth. With the mycelium growth, the CO2 concentration in the bag (bottle) gradually increases from 0.03% of the normal air content to more than 2%, and the mycelium can still grow well. At present, sufficient oxygen is needed in the primitive period, and the concentration of CO2 should be reduced to about 0.5%. Otherwise, the primordium does not differentiate and expands into a ball. Fresh air is needed in the period of mushroom growth and development, and the concentration of CO2 should be less than 0.01%.

2. Light: the mycelium growth stage does not need light, which will accelerate the mycelium growth in the dark environment. The growth and development of primordia and fruiting bodies need some scattered light, and the suitable light intensity is 500-1000Lx.

3. Acidity and alkalinity: the pH range of mycelium growth is 4Mel 8, and the optimum pH is 6.5 Mel 7.5. The optimum pH value at the stage of mushroom emergence was 5.5 and 6.5.

Pest control of Pleurotus eryngii

1. The planting site must be sanitary and ventilated, and the places with better water conditions should avoid low-lying latrines and garbage dumps to reduce the chance of pollution.

2. Before the fruit body grows, 0.1% low-toxic phoxim can be sprayed in the surrounding environment 1-2 times for prevention. If the insect body is found, the same method can be used to control it.

The main results are as follows: (1) there are many kinds of nematodes, such as blood nematodes, mushroom maggots, nematodes and so on. Blood nematode, 3-4 cm long, very slender, like a blood thread, clustered in the soil layer 1-2 cm deep around the mushroom bud, endangering the young mushroom bud and stopping the growth of the mushroom body from yellowing or decay.

(2) Mushroom maggots are the main pests of mature mushrooms. If the body length is about an inch, it will drill into the inside of the mushroom body, resulting in a serious decline in the quality of the mushroom body and loss of commercial value. When maggots occur, cobwebs or worms can be found in the roots and leaves of the mushroom body.

Prevention and control measures:

1. Spray 0.3-0.5% trichlorfon water locally, and spray tincture around it.

2. Comprehensive prevention and control to clean the surrounding environment. Keep clean water. Timely treatment of diseases and insect pests to prevent spread.

Pleurotus eryngii needs to understand its growth habits in the early stage of planting and plant in a suitable environment. Its planting method is generally bagged planting is more common. In the later stage of planting, Pleurotus eryngii likes to be attacked by insect pests, so it is necessary to strengthen pest control.